1. World History – Chapter 6
Greece – Part two

2. The Golden Age
After the Persian Wars, artists and teachers moved to Greece
400’s B.C. = Golden Age
Peak of cultural development (temples, theatres, gyms)
Acropolis was used for art; at the top was the Parthenon (temple of Athena made of marble)

3. Golden Age continued…
Paintings were put on canvas, vases, murals (wall paintings)
Sculptures increased (discus thrower)
Sculptures showed Greek admiration of human body
Four characteristics of Greek art:
Showed humans as the most important creature
Pride for city-states
Showed Greek ideals of harmony, balance, and order
Showed Greeks believed in combining beauty and usefulness

4. Socrates Socrates – (469-399 B.C.)
One of history’s greatest thinkers & teachers
Criticized Athenian education (said we’re really stupid when they taught opposite)
Wanted to be called a philosopher, not a sophist
Philosophy is the study of the most fundamental questions of reality and human existence

5. Socrates Continued…
Socrates wanted people to think for themselves not imitate elders; evil comes from ignorance; Socratic method (know thyself); find own answers
See VIDEO ON SOCRATES (2:19)
Made enemies in the gov’t because he thought it unwise to elect unskilled leaders
Was accused of not recognizing Athenian gods and was put to death by poison

6. Who Can Name This Film And Each Character?

7. Plato Plato – a rich young aristocrat
Wrote about gov’t, education, justice, virtue, and religion
Believed that perfect gov’t is run by aristocrats chosen by upper class
Taught at academy in Athens

9. Aristotle Aristotle was a student of Plato
In 335 B.C. started own school in Athens
Believed the middle class should play a major role in gov’t
Believed monarchies, democracies, and aristocracies could become corrupt
Instead, he thought they should have a powerful leader, aristocratic advisors, and a democratic assembly
Believed in one level of gov’t

10. Other important dead guys with the same Haircut
Pythagoras – a mathematician who came up with a² + b² = c²
Aristotle – came up with basis for botany, zoology, and anatomy
Democritus – came up with idea of moving atoms
Hippocrates – came up with idea that disease comes from nature, not gods (Hippocratic oath)
Herodotus – historian who taught from travels
Thucydides – historian from Peloponnesian War

11. Greek Drama
Greeks = first to write dramas (plays containing action, dialogue, conflict, emotion)
Used masks; outdoor theatres; male actors; contests;
Greeks = also wrote tragedies (where the main actor struggled against fate) Ex. Oedipus
Greeks = also wrote comedies (mocked ideas and people)
See VIDEO ON GREEK THEATRES (4:21)

12. Macedonia
Background: Macedonia had small villages ruled by powerful nobles and had a king
Philip of Macedon became king in 359 B.C.
Paid an army of 10,000 men; used peasants as infantry; used phalanx (spears protected with shields)
Philip defeated Thebes and conquered northern Greece and Athens
Before he attacked Persia, he was assassinated

13. Alexander the Great Philip’s 20 year old son (Alexander) took over
Better militarist than father
Wanted a Hellenistic Empire by doing 3 things:
Build new cities and rebuild old (70 were named Alexandria)
Merge Macedonians with Persia by marrying Princess Roxana
Make people believe he was a god
Married Roxana and his generals married Persian royalty

14. Alexander the Great Part 2
In 331 B.C. Alexander conquered Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Persian Empire
Wanted more so he went after India
Got all the way to the Ganges River and his troops refused to go on
Decided to return home (½ his men by sea the other ½ went by desert); most died
Alexander died shortly after returning to Babylon
His generals killed his family and divided his empire 3 ways among them (Macedonia, Egypt, and Syria)

15. Hellenistic Age
During this age, culture spread and affected the areas long after Alexander’s death
The economy during this age had few wealthy land owners and many poor
Trading occurred between different areas
Cities that Alexander built had large market squares and public buildings (schools, theatres, gyms)
Wealthy had running water, pipes, furniture
Alexandria in Egypt grew to approx. 1,000,000 people
Great improvements in philosophy, math, physics, medicine, astronomy, geography and science

16. random picture (Don’t Look If You Gross Out easily!!!)

17. Study For Your Test!