1. Lt Cdr Sebastian Hamann N5 Maritime Component Command Northwood/UK
Maritime Challenges
Lt Cdr Sebastian Hamann N5
Maritime Component Command Northwood/UK
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2. AU’s Tasks and Objectives Approaches to the Objectives How to do it
Content
AU’s Tasks and Objectives
Approaches to the Objectives
How to do it
NATO Counter Piracy as one Example
Situational Awareness around Africa
Information Sharing
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3. The Global Maritime Environment
and the World Trade
“Whosoever commands the trade of the world, commands the riches of the world and hence the world itself.”
Sir Walter Raleigh
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4. AU Maritime Tasks and Objective
Establish interoperable Maritime HQs
in order to improve maritime situational awareness and increase effectiveness of law enforcement agencies.
Assumed Objective of African Union’s efforts:
“improve African maritime Security and Safety standards as well as African maritime economy for more wealth creation from its oceans and seas”
(Draft Strategy p. 11 para 9.)
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5. Approaches to the Objectives
Surveillance
Information sharing
Action
Can you spot the threat?

6. How to do it? Watch: Cooperate and share:
AIS
Coastal Radar
Patrols (Ships and Aircraft)
Information from ports and Flag States (ISPS, LRIT)
Information from other agencies (police, customs,...)
Internet Services (“Web scraping”)
Cooperate and share:
Reports from merchant community:
Voluntary reporting of own movements
Reports of suspicious behaviour/incidents
Fuse the different pieces into one common picture in a maritime HQ.
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7. AIS Deficiencies AIS only provides data from vessels above 300ts.
Illegal activities are mostly carried by small vessels.
Ships can easily switch off the system.
Anomaly investigation still be needed.
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8. NATO Counter piracy: one example
The Indian Ocean averages approx 5000 merchants
Data sources available until 4Q 2010:
Voluntary reporting via UK MTO
Reports from units
= A very poor Picture
Additions as of Jan 2011:
Satellite based AIS
LRIT data from Panama
LRIT data from IMO
= 3500 tracks,
70% coverage and a lot better information
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9. Situational Awareness around Africa
NATO Active Endeavour
World Trade
90% of global trade volume by sea
10,000 cargo destinations
ocean going ships
95% of maritime trade travels through 9 chokepoints
Combined Counter piracy OPS
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10. Key Issues for info sharing
Understand each player’s own capacities and roles
Coast Guard and Navy, Police and Customs, who does what?
Make info sharing possible
Legal agreements need to be in place for info sharing
3. Liaise with existing players
Some information is already available (ISPS, Active Endeavour, UKMTO, MERCURY...)
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11. Info sharing: other remarks
How much to share
Policy towards sharing
Categories of information
Sharing information across security domains (police/states)
Developing and maintaining metadata standards and registries
Establishment of priorities (Who gets what first?)
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12. Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) Training
Running a system of HQs
Strategy
Doctrine
Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)
Training
Linkage between HQ and with Agencies
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13. In order to act, one needs to know what is going on.
Summary
In order to act, one needs to know what is going on.
In order to know what is going on, one can use the many sources of information that are already existing.
In order to share information, legal and organizational issues are most important.
Then one can take action !
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14. Thanks for your attention. Questions?
Lt Cdr Sebastian Hamann N5
Maritime Component Command Northwood/UK
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