1. Chapter 8, Section 3 Rise of Political Parties

2. A Distrust of Political Parties Americans distrusted political parties ◦They could be used for personal gain ◦Threat to unity Parties grew up around two adversaries ◦Alexander Hamilton ◦Thomas Jefferson

3. Differing Views Hamilton and Jefferson had differing views on what was best for the country Manufacturing or farming? Federal or State governments

4. Manufacturing or Farming? Differing Views Hamilton  Thought the U.S. should model itself on Britain  Wanted government to encourage trade and manufacturing  Favored the growth of cities

5. Manufacturing or Farming? Differing Views Jefferson ◦Believed farmers were the backbone of the nation ◦Feared manufacturing would corrupt the U.S. ◦Anti –big cities

6. Differing Views Federal or state governments HamiltonJefferson ◦Wanted the federal government to have more power than the states Wanted the state governments to have more power than the federal government

7. Differing Views Bank of the United States HamiltonJefferson Interpreted the Constitution loosely Constitution gave Congress power to make all laws Argued the bank was “necessary” to collect taxes and pay bills ◦It gave too much power to the federal government and wealthy investors ◦Called it unconstitutional: not permitted by the Constitution ◦Interpreted the Constitution strictly

8. Jefferson Bank of the United States is unconstitutional Jefferson’s strict interpretation ◦Nowhere did it give the federal government power to create a bank ◦If not stated in the Constitution powers belong to the States

9. Differing Views Britain or France? HamiltonJefferson Wanted close ties with Britain Important trading partner Favored France First ally of the U.S. in its struggle for independence

10. Party Rivalry When Congress began passing Hamilton’s programs Jefferson and Madison organized public support

11. Republicans and Federalists Democratic Republicans: Federalists: Jefferson’s supporters Included small farmers, crafts workers, some wealthy planters Hamilton’s supporters ◦Wanted a strong federal government Included merchants and manufacturers in cities and some wealthy southern planters

12. Newspapers begin to take sides Newspapers more than doubled in the late 1700s to meet the demands for information Publishers lined up against the parties Newspapers had great influence on public opinion ◦Used rumor, opinion, and facts

13. A Slim Victory Political Parties plated an important role in choosing Washington successors Under the Constitution the person with the most electoral votes became president The next highest total was made Vice President So……

14. A Slim Victory John Adams, A Federalist won office as President Thomas Jefferson, a Republican became Vice President