2. Sentence Pattern O S V: S V  This pattern begins with a statement of fact that is followed by a sentence that is an example of that fact.  Ex.: She had never forgotten her mother’s advice: work hard.

3. Sentence Pattern O  Not all basketball players use the same technique in shooting free throws: some of them shoot the ball from over their heads and others use the ‘granny’ shot, which they shoot from the waist and project upwards. –Jimmy Salem  Weekdays are very similar to identical suitcases: they are all the same size, but some people can pack more into them than others. –Joel Gutierrez

4. Sentence Pattern O Practice 1. Some television shows are a waste of time: _____________________________. 2. _________________________: we toured the National Air and Space Museum, The Smithsonian Castle, the Freer Gallery, and the new wing of the National Gallery of Art. 3. Write your own!

5. Sentence Pattern P Appositive, Appositive, Appositive – Summary Word S V  This pattern uses these summary words: such, all, those, this, many, each, which, what, these, something, someone.  Ex.: An old photograph, a haunting fragrance, a sudden view of a scene – something unexpectedly triggers our nostalgia for the past.

6. Sentence Pattern P  An appositive is simply another word for something named elsewhere in the sentence— that is, it is another name for some noun.  An old photograph, a haunting fragrance, a sudden view of a half-forgotten scene—something unexpectedly triggers our nostalgia for the past.

7. Sentence Pattern P Practice 1. To ___________________, to ___________________, to ___________________—such are the goals of the average American college graduate. 2. Poetry and music, painting and sculpture, drama and dance—______________________________________ ____________________________________________. 3. Write your own!

8. Sentence Pattern Q Dependent Clauses in a Series: If…, if…, if…, then S V --OR-- S V that…, that…, that….  Ex.: If Unnim Ployd had been on time, if he had dressed well, if he had filled out the requested forms, then he might have been hired.  Ex.: I was late because I forgot that my dogs had to be fed, that the garbage had to be taken out, and that I had to put gas in the car.

9. Sentence Pattern Q  If we wish to be free, if we mean to preserve inviolate those inestimable privileges for which we have been so long contending, if we mean not basely to abandon the noble struggle in which we have been so long engaged, and which we have pledged ourselves never to abandon until the glorious object of our contest shall be obtained, we must fight! –Patrick Henry, “Speech to the Virginia Convention”

10. Sentence Pattern Q  This pattern is unique. Save it for special places, special functions. It is particularly helpful At the end of a single paragraph to summarize the major points; In structuring a thesis statement having three or more parts (or points); In the introductory or concluding paragraph to bring together the main points of a composition in a single sentence.

11. Sentence Pattern Q Practice 1. Whether you think _________________________, or whether you think _________________________, you _________________________. 2. Some of the rumors surrounding Gatsby are that ___________________, that ___________________, and that ______________________. 3. Write your own!

12. Sentence Patterns R & S S – Appositive, Appositive, Appositive – V —OR— S – Modifier, Modifier, Modifier– V  Pattern R uses appositives (nouns) to rename or re-identify the subject.  Pattern S uses either adjectives or adverbs as modifiers.  Ex.: The necessary qualities for political life – guile, ruthlessness, ambition – were learned from studying Machiavelli.

13. Sentence Pattern R  My favorite red wines—Zinfandel, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir—blend well in making California rose wines.

14. Sentence Patterns R & S Practice 1. _________________________--coordination, agility, speed--________________________. 2. The thief--_____________, _____________, _____________--vanished into the dark night. 3. Write your own!

15. Sentence Pattern T S V Word: Appositive  Airport thieves have a common target: unwary travelers.  You may choose to develop a pair or series of appositives:  Atop the back of the lobster is a collection of trash: tiny starfish, moss, sea conchs, crabs, pieces of kelp.  Anyone left abandoned on a desert should avoid two dangers: cactus needles and rattlesnakes.

16. Sentence Pattern T Practice 1. Adjusting to a new job requires one quality: _________________. 2. _____________________________: an “A,” the grade I really had worked for. 3. Write your own!

17. Sentence Pattern U S V Direct Object or Subject Complement; S, Direct Object or Subject Complement (omitted verb)  Ex.: A red light means stop; a green light, go.  Remember, a subject complement is an expression that follows a linking verb and complements (completes) the subject by either 1) renaming it, or 2) describing it.

18. Sentence Pattern U Practice 1. My favorite sport to watch is _____________; my least favorite, _____________. 2. Nick portrays Tom and Daisy as careless people who hide behind their wealth; Gatsby, as _____ ______________________________________. 3. Write your own!