1. Mass-Wasting Movement of Large Amounts of Material Downhill under Gravity

2. Soil Creep

5. Soil Creep, California

6. Colluvium, San Bernardino Mountains, California

7. Mystery or Soil Creep?

8. Four Years’ Mass-Wasting, Bosnia

9. 100*40/2 cm 2 = 2000 cm 2 (4 years) = 500 cm 2 /year Removed from 1 km slope per year = 500 cm 2 /100,000 cm = 1 cm/200 yr = 5000 cm (50 m)/m.y. = 50m /m.y. A 1-m (100 cm) soil mantle yields 500 cm 2 /year, so movement = 500 cm 2 /year/100 cm = 5 cm/year

10. Mudflows, California

11. Urban Planning, San Diego

12. Avalanche Chute, Colorado

13. Rockfalls, Yosemite, California

14. Landslide, Mount Saint Helens

15. Slide Lake, Wyoming

16. Sherman Glacier, Alaska, March 27, 1964

17. Viaont, Italy, October 9, 1963 1800 people died.

18. Yungay, Peru, May 31, 1970

20. Lituya Bay, Alaska, July 9, 1958

21. Lituya Bay, Before and After

22. The Scour Line

23. The Highest Wave Ever Recorded