1. Unit 2 Chapter 3 Lesson 2 Pages 120-125
A Changing World
Unit 2 Chapter 3 Lesson 2
Pages

2. Objectives
Describe the aims, obstacles, and accomplishments of early explorers.
Trace the routes of the explorers and identify the areas they claim.

3. Review from Lesson 1
Gutenberg spreads ideas by his invention of the Printing Press
Europe wants silk & spices from Asia
Prince Henry from Portugal created new technology: better navigation tools, mapmakers school, and new ships – caraval
Marco Polo wrote a book about Asia (known as the Indies to Europe)

4. Review Cont.
Europe, Asia, and Africa were thought to be the only continents
Leif Erikson – Viking from Norway went to North America in A.D. 1000
Christopher Columbus wanted to go to Asia by sailing WEST
Spain funded Columbus’ exploration

5. Review Vocab: Entrepreneurs – person who sets up and runs a business
Cost – effort made to achieve or gain something
Benefit – reward gained
Reconquista – movement to make Spain all Catholic
Empire – lands ruled by the nation that won control of them
Expedition – trip taken with the goal of exploration
Navigation – science of planning and following a trade route.

6. Two Worlds Meet 1492 – Columbus sets sail Anchored off San Salvador
Columbus claimed the land for Spain
He thought he had reached India – why he called the Taino people Indians.
Taino people welcomed Columbus
He took back gold, animals, plants, and captured Taino

7. Columbus Returns Treated like heroes
King Ferdinand & Queen Isabella saw the goods and paid for another expedition
New mission: Find more riches, start settlements, and convert people to the Catholic religion.
Columbus goes on 3 more expeditions

8. What group of Europeans reached North America about 500 years before Columbus?
The Vikings

9. What does technology mean?
Scientific knowledge and tools.

10. Which European nation sponsored Columbus’s expedition across the Atlantic Ocean in 1492?
Spain

11. What was the main reason Columbus sailed west from Europe?
To find a more direct water route to Asia

12. What were three problems early European explorers faced that Prince Henry helped solve?
Poor maps
Need for better technology
Better ships
Also, needed money to pay for expeditions

13. What was Christopher Columbus’s belief about the lands he reached in 1492?
He thought he had reached India.

14. Why did Columbus have to wait until after the Reconquista to start his voyage?
Columbus need money from King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella to pay for his voyage. During the Reconquista, Spain had no extra money to spend on exploration because they were fighting to get Muslims out of their country.

15. Lesson 2
A Changing World

16. England Explores Columbus returned 3 times to the new world
He always thought he had reached the Indies
He never found riches, but he proved it was possible to sail across the Atlantic
Several European rulers are inspired to explore

17. John Cabot An Italian Sailor
King Henry VII of England paid for his expedition hoping to compete for land and wealth
May 1497 set sail
Sails farther north than Columbus had
June 24 he goes ashore claiming the land for England
Cabot also believed he had reached the Indies
Today it is believed he landed in Newfoundland (Canada)

18. What was the aim of King Henry VII when he paid for Cabot’s expedition?
To help England compete for land and wealth.

19. Amerigo Vespucci Italian
Did not believe Columbus and Cabot landed in India
Set sail 1499 – landed just south of Columbus’ landing
Was always looking for signs that he had reached Asia

20. Vespucci’s New Idea
Realized he, Columbus, and Cabot had found lands not yet known to Europeans.
Nothing he saw matched Marco Polo’s description
1507 – Waldseemuller, German mapmaker, published a world map that included these lands
He named the lands America (these are the lands known today as South America)

21. Vasco Nunez de Balboa Spanish explorer
One of first to Settle in Americas
Had a farm on the island of Hispaniola
Became in debt and escaped to Columbia
Met up with survivors from a failed Spanish settlement
He helped them take land from Native American’s and started a settlement in today’s Panama.

22. Balboa travels west He continues to hear of a vast ocean west
1513, he goes west across the Isthmus of Panama which connects North and South America
Isthumus – a narrow strip of land that connects two large land areas
Balboa reaches the Pacific Ocean, proving Vespucci’s idea of an unknown land

23. Ferdinand Magellan Portuguese explorer
1519 – leaves Spain with 5 ships, 250 sailors
Sails around the southern tip of South America into the vast ocean Balboa had seen and named it the Pacific (means – peaceful)

24. Magellan’s long voyage
Thought he could cross the Pacific in a few days
It took 3 months
Magellan was killed in a battle in the Philippine Islands
One ship returned to Spain in 1522
They were the first to sail around the world

25. Land Disputes
Many explorations took place and several countries began claiming the same land
Portugal & Spain asked Catholic Church leaders to settle a disputed land case
A line was drawn on a map through the Atlantic Ocean
Portugal promised land east of the line
Spain promised land to the west

26. Treaty of Tordesillas 1494 – signed the Treaty of Tordesillas
Treaty – an agreement between countries
The treaty moved the dividing line farther west
Portugal given the land that would become Brazil

27. Who figured out Earth was larger than people thought?
Amerigo Vespucci

28. Who led the first European expedition to reach the Pacific Ocean?
Balboa

29. Who set the goal to sail around the world?
Magellan

30. Helped start a settlement in what is today Panama?
Balboa

31. A German mapmaker named a continent after this explorer?
Vespucci

32. It took this explorer more than 3 months to cross the Pacific Ocean?
Magellan

33. The Kind of England sent this explorer to what was thought to be the Indies to compete for land and wealth?
Cabot

34. Explored the land htat connects the Americas and became the first Spanish explorer to reach the Pacific Ocean?
Balboa

35. The End