1. 10th Grade World Literature
Night by Elie Wiesel
10th Grade World Literature

2. Quoting, Paraphrasing and Summarizing
Quoting: Copying down word for word from a source
Quotations must be identical to the original, using a small segment of the source. Must be attributed to the author.
Paraphrasing: Putting a source into your own words
Paraphrased material is usually shorter than the original passage, taking a broader segment of the source.
Summarizing: Putting a source into your own words, but only including the main parts.
Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source.

3. How to quote in MLA format
They called him Moishe the Beadle, as if his entire life he had never had a surname. He was the jack-of-all-trades in a Hasidic house of prayer, a shtibl. The Jews of Sighet – the little town in Transylvania where I spent my child-hood – were fond of him. He was poor and lived in utter penury. As a rule, our townspeople, while they did help the needy, did not particularly like them. Moishe the Beadle was the exception. He stayed out of people’s way. His presence bothered no one. He had mastered the art of rendering himself insignificant, invisible.
“Moishe the Beadle was the exception” (Wiesel 3).
“The Jews of Sighet… were fond of him” (Wiesel 3).
Moishe, “mastered the art of rendering himself insignificant” (3).

4. How to Paraphrase
They called him Moishe the Beadle, as if his entire life he had never had a surname. He was the jack-of-all-trades in a Hasidic house of prayer, a shtibl. The Jews of Sighet – the little town in Transylvania where I spent my child-hood – were fond of him. He was poor and lived in utter penury. As a rule, our townspeople, while they did help the needy, did not particularly like them. Moishe the Beadle was the exception. He stayed out of people’s way. His presence bothered no one. He had mastered the art of rendering himself insignificant, invisible.
The townspeople called the man Moishe the Beadle. He could do many things, and he worked in a Jewish “church.” Although the Jews of Sighet helped poor people, they did not like poor people. However, they liked Moishe. He didn’t bother anyone. He seemed to be invisible.

5. How to Summarize
They called him Moishe the Beadle, as if his entire life he had never had a surname. He was the jack-of-all-trades in a Hasidic house of prayer, a shtibl. The Jews of Sighet – the little town in Transylvania where I spent my child-hood – were fond of him. He was poor and lived in utter penury. As a rule, our townspeople, while they did help the needy, did not particularly like them. Moishe the Beadle was the exception. He stayed out of people’s way. His presence bothered no one. He had mastered the art of rendering himself insignificant, invisible.
Although the Jews of Sighet didn’t like poor people, they liked Moishe the Beadle, because he stayed out of everyone’s way.

6. Note-taking
Quote – definitions (although don’t worry about the citation!)
Paraphrase – Use your own words
Summarize – Use your own words, be brief, and hit the main points
Always think –
What is the most important information?
What will I need to study when I get home?
What should I write down that will help me study?

7. Unit: Human Rights Around the World; Symbols of Alienation
Essential Question: What are the consequences of treating a group of people as less than human?

8. Quick Write: The Holocaust
What was the Holocaust and who were the main targets of it?
When and where did it occur?
What, if any, are names of people you can identify with the Holocaust?
What books or movies can you name that reference the holocaust?
Name one incidence of genocide (mass killing) that has occurred in history other than the holocaust.
Don’t know about the holocaust? Use the pictures and make a guess,

9. Holocaust facts
Europe during WWII, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler
In addition to Jews, the Nazis targeted Gypsies, Jehovah's Witnesses, the disabled and/or anyone who resisted them
Started with forced labor camps, then The Nazis used the term "the Final Solution" = kill them all
11 million people were killed / 6 million of these were Jews.

10. What is Genocide?
Definition: the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.
Etymology:
“genos” = race
“cide” = “act of killing”

11. Other Examples of Genocide (past 100 years)
The Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin
( )
The People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong
( )
Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge
( )
Estimated civilians killed by these 3 regimes alone range from 21,000,000 to 70,000,000
Other Examples:
The Rwandan Genocide (1994) - estimated 800,000 people
Bosnian Genocide ( ) - 200,000
The Darfur Conflict in Sudan (ongoing) – 300,000

12. How do we respond to or prevent human rights violations?
Can we prevent them at all?
Can we do something to stop them?

13. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
United Nations
Adopted in 1948, after WWII
29 articles (statements)
Eleanor Roosevelt with the completed declaration

14. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Choose your top 5 articles (the ones you find to be most important)
Paraphrase the article (put into your own words)
When you are finished, Start reading chapter 1 of Night
Record 5 words that are unfamiliar to you as you read

15. TOD: Paraphrase Who is Moshe the Beadle? Paraphrase Moshe’s words:
“I wanted to come back to Sighet to tell you the story of my death. So that you could prepare yourselves while there was still time. To live? I don't attach any importance to my life any more. I'm alone. No, I wanted to come back, and to warn you. And see how it is, no one will listen to me....” (5).
Comments/Questions

16. The Art of Translation “Ode to My Socks” by Pablo Neruda
Read the two English translations
Bly
Mitchell
Word Choice (what words are different? Name at least three)
Structure (How does the poem look? How are the sentences spaced on the page?)
Response (Which do you like better? Why?)

17. Brief Translation Timeline of Night
1954: Originally written in Hebrew and given the title “Un diVelt Hot Geshvign” (And the World Remained Silent).
1958: shortened 800 pages to 178 pages, changed the title to “Night” and translated into French.
1960: shortened to 116 pages and translated into English
2006: Wiesel’s wife, Marion, completed a new English translation.
What complications can arise from multiple translations?

18. Why is translation important?
The majority of what we read in World Literature has been translated.
Translation is an art!
Why does it matter?

19. Lost in Translation
The Following slides are pictures of English signs in foreign countries, but the wording is awkward.
Write down what the sign was supposed to say.

20. Lost in Translation

21. Lost in Translation

22. Lost in Translation

23. Lost in Translation

24. TRI: Build a Strong Body Paragraph
Topic : What is the main idea?
Restatement : Explain the main idea.
Illustration : Give an example to support the main idea.
__T__In Night, the Jews had to overcome tremendous difficulties. __R__They are forced to abandon their homes, all their earthly possessions, and eventually their humanity. __I__ For example, Jews are told to pack one suitcase of belongings to take to the concentration camps. Even these basic possessions are taken from them when they arrive.

25. Refresher Questions
When and where was Elie Wiesel’s early childhood spent?
How was Moshe the Beadle “different”?
What did Elie and Moshe the Beadle talk about?
What happened when Moshe the Beadle disappeared from Sighet?
How did the people respond to Moshe the Beadle’s return? Why?
When you are finished, open Night and start reading ch. 2

26. TOD: Example of differences in translation - Night
Look at the two different versions of Night below. Which do you like better? Why? Does one sound better than the other? More poetic? More difficult to read?
1960: “in the Spring sunshine, people strolled carefree and unheeding, through the swarming streets.”
2006: “A sunny spring day, people strolled seemingly carefree through the crowded streets.”
Are these sentences an example of a main idea or a supporting detail?
Comments/Questions
HW: W&G ex. 7&8 pg. 22

27. Quick Write: Refresher Questions
Who is Mrs. Schächter?
What do the people on the cattle car do to her?
What do the Jews see when they arrive at Birkenau?
When you are finished, turn to Night ch. 3 and start reading.

28. TOD: Main Idea/ Supporting Details
Write the paragraph and label “T” for topic and “R” for restatement and “I” for illustration)
______ Elie is saved from death in the camps by several close calls. _____ Elie avoids danger through the aid of his father and fellow prisoners. ____ For instance, a prisoner asks Elie and his father their ages, and then tells them to lie, since the old and young were immediately killed.
Questions/Comments

29. Rhetoric
Strongest arguments use all three!

30. Ethos, Logos, or Pathos?
"Our expertise in roofing contracting is evidenced not only by our 100 years in the business and our staff of qualified technicians, but in the decades of satisfied customers who have come to expect nothing but the best.”
Ethos
"They’ve worked against everything we’ve worked so hard to build, and they don’t care who gets hurt in the process. Make no mistake, they’re the enemy, and they won’t stop until we’re all destroyed.”
Pathos
"Research compiled by analysts from NASA, as well as organizations from five other nations with space programs, suggests that a moon colony is viable with international support.”
Logos

31. Quick Write: Keep Memory Alive
How does Elie Wiesel use rhetoric (Ethos, Logos, Pathos) in his speech?
Use specific examples and TRI structure to make a strong paragraph
When you are finished, start reading Night ch. 3

32. Copy the Chart and Compare Elie in ch. 1 with Elie in ch. 3)
What does this change tell you about Elie as a character?
What does this change tell you about the setting and situation in Night?
Chapter 1
Chapter 3
Religious Convictions
Relationship with Father
Overall View of the World

33. Enrichment: Elie’s Development
Write a strong TRI paragraph
How does Elie change from chapter 1 to chapter 3? Use your chart to help you write a strong paragraph.
Elie in 1944 (15 years old)

34. TOD
Write 3 sentences with vocabulary words (extra points for excellent examples!)
Draw the rhetorical triangle.
Ethos means _______.
Logos means ________.
Pathos means _______.
Comments/questions.

35. Adverb or Preposition? above By out across down outside after during
Over
against
except
since
among
for
Through
Around
from To at in
toward
before
Inside
Under
behind
into Up
below
Like
with
beneath
near
Without
Beside of
between
off
beyond on

36. Depends on how you use it in the sentence.
Could be Either!
Depends on how you use it in the sentence.

37. Preposition or Adverb? Preposition = direction/location
Adverb = describes a verb, adj. or other adv.

38. How else can I tell? A preposition requires an object
An adverb does not require an object
Look at what follows the word. Is there a noun acting as an object of the word, forming a prepositional phrase? Then it is a preposition.

39. For Example
If you want to see the eclipse, you will need to go outside.
Outside is an Adverb
OUTSIDE is describing where you will need to go.
Dorothy colors outside the lines.
Outside is a Preposition
OUTSIDE is part of a prepositional phrase. LINES is the object of the preposition.

40. Your Turn: Adverb or Preposition?
It will be some time before his schedule settles down.
Adverb
DOWN tells the reader WHERE the schedule settles. There is no object following it.
Please sit down and listen.
DOWN tells the listener WHERE to SIT. There is no object telling him or her WHAT to SIT DOWN.
One need only look down the roster to see the impact of so much travel.
Preposition
ROSTER answers the question WHAT? about the word DOWN. One need only look down what? THE ROSTER. ROSTER is the object of the preposition DOWN.

41. TOD: Preposition or Adverb?
Look around; your pencil has to be here somewhere.
Around the end of the barracks came the pale, slight girl, lost in her thoughts.
I'm sure I've seen that dark-haired girl before.
And so he remained for more than half an hour, lingering between life and death, writhing before our eyes.
Marcos wanted a chicken, so he went inside the butcher’s shop to buy one.
When the weather is bad, he likes to sit and read a book inside.
HW: W&G ex. 3&5 pg (prep)

42. Characterization Brush Up
Protagonist – Main character
Antagonist – Opposing Force
Round – Many characteristics, well-developed
Flat – One or two characteristics, not well-developed
Dynamic – changes over the course of the story
Static – does not change over the course of the story
Major – main characters
Minor – characters with smaller roles
Foil – character that contrasts another character

43. Direct and Indirect Characterization
Direct : the writer tells the reader about the character
Indirect : the writer shows the reader about the character
Writers do this through a variety of ways:
Speech: What do they say and how do they speak?
Thoughts: What are their thoughts and feelings?
Effect: How do they react to other people? How do other people react to them?
Actions: What do they do?
Looks: How do they look?

44. For Example
Direct Characterization from “Rip Van Winkle” by Washington Irving:
“He was a simple, good-natured man; he was moreover a kind neighbor and an obedient, henpecked husband.”
Directly tells the reader about Rip Van Winkle’s personality using words like “simple,” “good-natured,” “kind,” and “obedient.” There is nothing left for you to infer or conclude on your own.
Indirect Characterization from “The Scarlet Ibis” by James Hurst
“I jumped up, knocking over my chair, and had reached the door when Mama called, 'Pick up that chair, sit down again, and say excuse me’”
Speech and actions are being used to show two characters' personalities: This tells us a bit about both Mama and the narrator. In this scene, the narrator is quick to avoid a confrontation with his mother and is perhaps a bit clumsy, but he does have enough respect for her to listen to her as she firmly tells him what to do, asserting her authority over him.

45. Your Turn: Direct or Indirect?
“The head of my new block was a German Jew, small of stature, with piercing eyes”
Direct; looks
Tells you what the German Jew looks like
“And my father? Suddenly I remembered him. How would he pass the selection? He had aged so much…”
Indirect; thoughts
Shows you how Elie thinks about his father
“His speech grew confused; his voice chocked. He knew that I would have to go in a few moments. He would have to stay behind alone, so very alone”
Indirect; effect
Shows you how Elie’s father’s actions effect Elie

46. Quick Write: Characterization
Pick one person from the pictures below. Use direct characterization to describe their physical appearance. Make inferences about how they are feeling and how they view their setting. Would you like to meet this person? Why or why not?
02/16/08

47. TOD Who is the protagonist in Night?
What is the difference between direct and indirect characterization?
STEAL stands for what 5 ways to characterize?
Characterize Elie. Describe his thoughts, effects, and actions.
Questions/ Comments

48. While listening, fill out this chart:
Connecting with Lyrics
While listening, fill out this chart:
Holland 1945:
Never Again:
“Holland 1945”
“Never Again”
What is the mood? (How the song makes you feel)
What are some images that stick with you?
What do you think is the author’s purpose in writing the song?
How does this song relate to Night?

49. TOD Write 3 vocabulary sentences using 2A vocab.
Name 2 interesting points from your reading today in Night.
Name 1 confusion/ question that you have about the novel.

50. Is our apathy our greatest enemy?

52. Sighet: where everyone is safe, until they aren’t
Sighet Ghetto, taken after the deportation of the ghetto population.
May 1944

53. These are actual photos from 1940s Poland
These are actual photos from 1940s Poland. How do they compare to what you have read in Night?

54. How do people develop and change as they grow?
Attitude
Priorities
Relationships with elders
View of the world
View of self

55. Quick Write
“When they are alone they want to be with others, and when they are with others they want to be alone. After all, human beings are like that.” —Gertrude Stein
Is this statement true or false? Explain. If you’d like, write about a time in your life when you felt this way. How does Moshe epitomize this? Elie?
Alternately – create an acrostic poem with the word “isolation”
When you are finished, turn to Night pg.

56. TOD
3 Vocab words in sentences
Anything you don’t understand about Night?
Questions/Comments

57. Bellringer – Dailies and Vocab Enrichment
Complete Dailies sheet
Vocabulary Enrichment- Copy the words and draw a picture for each. You may use your cell phone or the dictionary to define the word.
Subjectively
Marginal
Essence
Fascist
Abstraction
Ghetto
Firmament
Premonition
Edict
Haggard
Truncheons
indiscriminately

58. Optimism in the guise of pessimism?
“After all, one cant complain. I have my friends. Somebody spoke to me only yesterday. And was it last week or the week before that Rabbit bumped into me and said Bother!” - Eeyore Winnie the Pooh

59. Night Connotations
Consider the word “night,” which Elie Wiesel has used as the title of the memoir we are reading.
What are the first ten adjectives that come to mind when you think of “night”?
What are the first five nouns that come to mind when you think of “night”?
Using the above brainstorming, sum up what you think night represents or symbolizes? (2-4 sentences)

60. Maus 1 and Night – Compare and Contrast
Record the similarities and the differences. Consider the protagonist, the setting, the details of the story, etc.
Maus 1
Night

61. Bellringer
Notice the tone and diction of interactions between victims of the holocaust and their oppressors in Night. How do these interactions serve as microcosm for the war itself and the interactions of nations?

62. Bellringer – ½ page
Is there forgiveness for something as horrible as the holocaust? Why or why not?

63. Bellringer – Night Wrap Up
Pick 2 good discussion questions (NOT ONE WORD ANSWERS) from your Night Study guides (chapters 4-9) that you would be prepared to present. Fully answer the question. You may want to write more than what is on your study guide.

64. Judging a Book by its Cover
Predict based on the cover art:
subject
tone
Purpose