1. 1 INDUSTRIAL WASTE RECOVERY BEST PRACTICES Associate Professor Dr. Sombat Teekasap Honorarium Chairman, Environmental Management Industry Club, Advisory Board Chairman, Renewable Energy Industry Club, and Vice Chairman, Executive Environment Institute Committee, Federation of Thai Industries, Dean of Engineering, Eastern Asia University

2. 2 TOPICS Development and trends of industrial waste recovery in Thailand Development and trends of industrial waste recovery in Thailand Waste recovery infrastructure Waste recovery infrastructure Effective waste recovery system Effective waste recovery system Technological development of industrial waste recovery Technological development of industrial waste recovery

3. 3 Development and trends of industrial waste recovery in Thailand

4. 4 Solid Foundation for a Sustainable Society Governmental Intervention Multi-stakeholder Engagement Corporate Social Responsibility MAJOR FACTORS FOR SUCCESSFUL INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION CONTROL

5. 5 SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT Economically affordable Economically affordable Socially acceptable Socially acceptable Environmentally effective Environmentally effective

6. 6 WASTE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY Reduce amount of waste generated. Reduce amount of waste generated. Develop Integrated Waste Management system to handle the inevitable waste produced Develop Integrated Waste Management system to handle the inevitable waste produced - Reuse - Recycle

7. 7 CHARACTERISTICS OF SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Integrated Holistic System Approach – Integrated Holistic System Approach – waste materials, source of waste, collection methods, treatment methods (recycling, energy recovery, anaerobic digestion, composting, landfill) Market Oriented – materials and energy must have end use and generate income. Flexibility Flexibility – appropriate adaptability and constant improvement. Scale Social Acceptability Social Acceptability

8. 8 COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE VOLUME ACCORDING TO AREAS AreaPopulation Amount of Solid Waste Solid Waste Rate Milliont/d%kg/day/p 1. Bangkok 5.739,31724.11.63 2. Municipalities and City of Pattaya 11.7111,90330.81.02 3. Others 44.8711,42045.10.39 Total62.3138,6401000.62 14.3 million tons/year

9. 9 COMPOSITION OF COMMUNITY SOLID WASTE Biological materials (about 46%) Recyclable materials (about 42%) Hazardous materials (about 3%) Others (about 9%)

10. 10 1. Paper 25.06% 2. Glasses 12.36% 3. Plastic 24.54% 4. Iron 31.03% 5. Aluminum 4.03% 6. Rubber 2.98% COMPOSITION OF INDUSTRIAL NON-HAZARDOUS WASTE

11. 11 Municipal waste more than 200 tons/day Municipal waste more than 100 tons/day Municipal waste more than 50 tons/day 10Municipalities 30Municipalities 150Municipalities AMOUNT CLASSIFICATION OF MUNICIPALWASTE

12. 12 HAZARDOUS WASTE Industrial1.700 Mton Industrial1.700 Mton Community0.380 Mton Community0.380 Mton Hospital0.016 Mton Hospital0.016 Mton

13. 13 Hazardous Waste 1.7 million tons/ year Non Hazardous Waste 5 million tons/year INDUSTRIAL WASTE

14. 14 Waste recovery infrastructure

15. 15 1.Report on volume of industrial hazardous and non hazardous waste required by Ministry of Industry. 2.New law enforcement. LAW ENFORCEMENT

16. 16 Factory No. 101 Factory No. 105 Factory No. 106 Waste Treatment Sorting/Secure Landfill Recycling WASTE MANAGEMENT PLANT

17. 17 Legal Structure for Resource Recycling Promotion  Basic rules,  Liability of central & local governments, business enterprises, residents  Policy of the national government  Master Plan for Establishing Resource Recycling Society : Fundamental plan for other plans Basic Law for Establishing Resource Recycling Society (Framework law) Establishing sustainable material cycle in human society Saving natural resources Reduction of environmental impact Solid waste act Law for promotion of efficient resource utilization Environmental Master Plan Natural environment Mobilization Material circulation in society Basic Environmental Law Establishing general framework 1)Waste reduction 2)Appropriate disposal (including recycle) 3)Regulation for waste treatment facility 4)Regulation for waste disposal companies 5)Regulation standard of waste disposal Expansion & Reinforcement 1)Recycling waste as resources 2)Materials & structure of considering recycle 3)Marks for segregation and recovery 4) Promotion of efficient utilization of by-products  Countermeasure for inappropriate waste disposal  Establishment of waste disposal facility by public sectors 1R 3R Promotion of recycle Appropriate disposal of waste Green Purchasing Law (Promotion of procurement of recycled products by governmental initiative) Regulation according to specific materials Full enforcement: Aug. 1996 Full enforcement: January 2001 Full enforcement: April 2001 Containers and Packaging Recycling Law  Collection of containers and packaging by municipalities  Recycling by manufactures of containers and packages Partly enforcement: April 1997 Full enforcement: April 2000 Home Appliance Recycling Law  Waste electric appliances at households are collected by retailers  Recycling by manufactures Full enforcement: April, 2001 Construction waste Recycling Law Demolition work order recipients shall  Segregate demolished objects etc  Recycle demolished construction waste Full enforcement: May, 2002 Food waste Recycling Law  Manufactures, food processing and retailers in food industry shall recycle food waste Full enforcement: April, 2001 Source: Compiled by Kitakyushu Environment Bureau with Shigen Junkangata shakai hakusho (Resource Recycling Society White Book 2004) Automobiles Recycling Law  Manufactures, importers, take-over companies shall take over waste cars, recover CFCs, and dismantle and crushing cars  Manufactures shall recycle airbag and shredder dusts and decompose CFCs Partly enforcement: January 2003 Full enforcement: January 2005 Full enforcement: April 2001 Expansion & Reinforcement Full enforcement: April 2001

18. 18 PRESENT STRUCTURE   Only few proper sorting plants are running.   Few solid community waste incinerators are still running.   Most of solid waste sent to landfill site.   Some of landfill sites are still under standard.

19. 19 Effective waste recovery system

20. 20 Develop laws and regulation to promote a total good practice in waste management. Set up centers for complete solid waste management. Do intensive public relation for wide spread acceptance of publics in supporting waste management practice. Support private sectors to run waste management projects. PRACTICAL ACTIVITIES

21. 21 TYPICAL PROJECTS Sorting plants Upgrading recyclable material plant Electronic waste recycling plant Hazardous waste recycle plant Waste exchange program

22. 22 TYPICAL PROJECTS Composting plant Bio-liquid and compost earth wormiest system Individual house composting Bio-gas fermentation plant Other Waste to Energy System (Gasification, Direct Burning, and etc.)

23. 23 Technological development of industrial waste recovery

24. 24 Used PET Recycling Process Separate Crush Wash Palletize A bale of PET bottles Pallets Flakes

25. 25 Used Automobile Recycling Process Collect outer parts ① Drainage process ② Collect parts Outer parts such as doors, fenders, windshields, lights, and hoods Fuel, Oil, LLC Seat, Carpet, Console, Tire, Battery, Tool, CFCs,Glass Car body conveyor system Carrier Hoist Deck Lifter Nonferrous metal collecting machine Press Turning Facility ③ Dismantling process ④ Nonferrous metal collecting process ⑤ Cubic press Engine, Transmission, Fuel tank, Exhaust and other related parts Underside parts Heater core, Condenser, Evaporator, Motor, Harness (nonferrous parts) Upholstery (resin and leather), Bumper Pressed goods

26. 26 Washing Crusher Funnel Glass Panel Glass Plastic (disposal) Non-Ferrous Metals Urethane (disposal) Motor Heat Exchanger Compressor Crusher Remove CFCs Collection Remove Crusher TV set Washing Machine Air Conditioner Refrigerator CRT Case Funnel Glass Panel Glass Compressor Heat Exchanger CRT Separation Motor Presser CFCS decomposition Home Appliance Recycling Process Crusher Plastic Crusher Steel Magnetic Separation Steel Separa tion CaF 2 (disposal) Remove Plastic (PS) Parts Plastic Crusher Magnetic Separation Separa tion

27. 27 Office Equipment Recycling Process Facilities for crushing plastic Plastic IC substrate Glass Motor Aluminum Cable Frame Scale Separation Dismantlement Storage Rack Storage space for goods to be shipped Rack for goods to be shipped Metal Crushed goods Sorting of goods Arrival of goods Scale Measure and ship Metal detection Crush

28. 28 Fluorescent substances Mercury Collection and Logistics Metals Glass Glass, Metals Clean and Dry Fluorescent substances and mercury Separation Recycled fluorescent tubes production plant Crush & Sort Recycling Fluorescent Tubes Recycling Process Domestic Use