1. Building Russia

2. Who are some of the Russian leaders mentioned in Chapter 18? Why was Russia in need of reform? What was going on in Europe around 1300-1500ish?

4. Ivan III (The Great)

5. From Great to Terrible Ivan III died of natural causes and what followed was a chaotic battle for the throne. Death of Ivan III’s Son Murder surrounded the throne while an young innocent Ivan IV watched (foreshadowing anyone?)

6. Ivan IV (The Terrible) 1533-1584 boyars Cossacks

8. Terrible to Troubled Ivan IV’s end Kills son in blind rage Time of Troubles Successors argued for Tzar-ship Almost lost independence

9. Peter the Great Romanov Dynasty 1689-1725 Think Westernization

10. Vision of St. Petersburg: “The Window to the West”

11. “Russia’s Versailles” or “City of Bones”

12. Westernization of Russia Missed the Renaissance so… Instituted Secular schools emphasizing math and sciences. Modernized the Alphabet Missed the Reformation so… Reorganized the Orthodox Church, being humble he made himself head of it.

13. St.Basil’s Cathedral, Moscow

14. Social Reconstruction “Civil” culture No more Beards Court dress code Smoking and Coffee Some reforms didn’t stick, ultimately these were more of means to spread western manners and culture.

15. Catherine the Great 1762-1796 Think PTG Think Expansion Think Selective Westernization

16. Westernization (cont.) Finishing the job that Peter started Built hospitals, sanitation, schools Addiction to building, creates layout for future cities (the “winter” palace) However…… Westernization limited to the Elite 95% Of Russia remains RURAL Peasants heavily taxed (PTG too)

18. Modernizing Russia Peter the Great Created Russian Navy St. Petersburg Manners Orthodox Church Overall: Expansion oriented, brings idea of Western Culture to a Medieval Russia Catherine the Great Russia on local level New buildings Selective Westernizer Overall: Worked mainly with Russia on local levels, improving what already existed

19. More Appearance than Substance?