1. Spanish Texas 1763-1819 Chapter 6 Section 1
End of Spanish Rule
Spanish Texas
Chapter 6 Section 1

2. Spain Acquires Louisiana
Great Britain wins 7 Years’ War against France ( )
Treaty of Paris 1763
Great Britain gets Canada and all French land east of Mississippi River (except New Orleans)
Spain gets New Orleans and all French land west of Mississippi River
France loses colonial power in North America
Spain questions need for missions and presidios in East Texas

3. Spain Closes East Texas Missions
Marqués de Rubí sent to investigate need for East Texas missions
Spain had neither wealth or power to defend its missions
Suggestions
abandon all Texas missions except San Antonio and Goliad (La Bahía)
Create alliances with Comanches (fight against Apaches)
Move East Texas settlers closer to San Antonio for protection
San Antonio was hotter and drier (required irrigation) and best land already taken

4. Nacogdoches Founded
Gil Ybarbo – leader of East Texans, pleaded to return to East Texas
Given permission to settle along Trinity River
Prospered at first
Crop failure, chicken pox epidemic, and Comanche conflicts
Moved east without permission and built Nacogdoches
Deep in Piney Woods – isolated from Spanish control

5. Settlers Face Many Dangers
Conflicts with Apaches and Comanches
Lacked troop support and stopped funding Texas missions
Spanish government insisted that the church support themselves

6. Spain Helps the American Colonies
American Revolution occurs
Spain opens port of New Orleans to American ships and supplied weapons, clothing, money, and medical supplies
Spain enters American Revolution in 1779
Kept New Orleans out of British control
Peace Treaty in 1783
Great Britain recognizes United States
U.S. boundaries – Canada in the North, Mississippi River in the West, and Florida in the South
Spain keeps Florida
U.S. and Britain granted trading rights on the Mississippi River

7. Treaty of
Paris 1783

8. The United States Buys Louisiana
1800 – Spain forced to return Louisiana to France
U.S. buys Louisiana Territory for $15 million (doubles size of U.S.)

9. Disputes About Boundaries
U.S. – their territory extends to Sabine River (includes parts of Texas)
Spain – their territory extends to Calcasieu River in Louisiana
Compromise – Neutral Ground established ( )
No one controls area between Sabine and Calcasieu
Became haven for smugglers and fugitives
Adams-Onís Treaty (1819)
U.S. gets Florida from Spain
Sabine River is the boundary between Spain and U.S.
U.S. surrenders all claims to Texas

10. Neutral Ground between Spanish Texas
And United States
Adams-Onis
Treaty

11. Americans Migrate to Texas
Filibusters (adventurers) – some wanted to seize control of Texas
Philip Nolan (mustanger – captured and sold wild horses)
Believed to be an American spy
Warned not to return to Texas (but did!)
Spanish soldiers attacked Nolan’s camp
Peter Ellis Bean – only survivor of imprisonment and regained freedom

12. Unrest Grows in Texas Chapter 6 Section 2
End of Spanish Rule
Unrest Grows in Texas
Chapter 6
Section 2

13. Hidalgo Calls for Independence
Mexicans unhappy with Spain
Best jobs given to Spanish
Increase taxes for Mexicans to pay for European wars
Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla (Sept. 16, 1810)
Issued a call for freedom (grito)
Battled with Spain; failed to capture Mexico City
Hidalgo is captured and executed in 1811

14. Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition
Rebellion continues – Bernardo Gutiérrez de Lara goes to U.S. for supplies and $
Augustus Magee joined Gutiérrez to help liberate Texas from Spain
Planned a government in which voters choose people to represent them (republic)
Republican Army of the North
Captured Goliad and San Antonio
Spanish officials surrender
Issue a declaration of independence for Texas
Magee killed – Samuel Kemper takes over

15. Disagreements and Defeats
Americans wanted a government like the U.S. (elected officials) and eventually become part of the U.S.
Mexicans wanted a government like New Spain (appointed officials) and remain part of Mexico
Spain conquers quarrelling troops (survivors either fled or were executed)

16. Revolutionaries and Pirates
Some survivors of Gutiérrez-Magee Expedition make it to Galveston Island
Got the help of Louis Michel Aury (French pirate)
Left Galveston to fight Spanish ships
Jean Laffite took over Aury’s operations in his absence
Helped Americans against British in War of 1812
Pardoned by Pres. Madison for piracy crimes
Continued piracy – U.S. forces him to leave Galveston

17. Spain Exiles French Colonists
French colonists tried to settle near present- day Liberty
Spanish government sends troops to remove colonists
Colony abandoned

18. James Long Invades Texas
Filibuster from Mississippi
Felt that U.S. shouldn’t have given up Texas
Captured town of Nacogdoches
Set up a free and independent republic
Captured by Spanish and taken to Mexico City
Killed by a guard

19. Spanish Rule Ends in Texas Chapter 6 Section 3
End of Spanish Rule
Spanish Rule Ends in Texas
Chapter 6
Section 3

20. Texas at the End of Spain’s Rule
September 1821 – Mexico gains independence from Spain
Little growth
San Antonio – largest town with ↑ 2,000 people
Goliad - ↑ 1200 people
Nacogdoches - ↑ 500 people at one time but now mainly abandoned

21. Spanish Neglect Unable to attract many Spanish settlers
No gold or silver to lure fortune hunters
Comforts of civilized societies in Mexico City
No pressure to find new land
Native American conflicts
Not high on list of priorities

22. Spanish Legacy Mapped and explored Texas
Spanish names – Amarillo, El Paso, Rio Grande, Matagorda Bay
Language
Laid out the 1st roads (El Camino Real – Royal Highway → Old San Antonio Road)
Ranching practices, methods, and equipment
Lariat, chaps, vaqueros (cowboys), and cattle drives
Customs