1. Regional Economies Create Differences
Chapter 7
Section 1
HW: Read Ch. 7, Sect. 2,

2. Who was the inventor of interchangeable parts?
Interchangeable parts led to the development of ____ production.
Henry Clay advocated a system of banks, roads and tariffs called the ____________?
The canal connecting the Hudson and the Great Lakes is called the ______ Canal.
The _______ Road was constructed in 1811, starting from Cumberland, MD.

3. American Industrialization
Eli Whitney invents “interchangeable parts,” sparking a semi-mechanized factory revolution.
Mass production now becomes possible, lowering cost of production, making cheaper goods available
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Replaces hand production by large-scale mechanized means of production

4. ANIMATION AT:

6. Causes of Industrialization
Embargo of 1807 &War of 1812 prevent Americans from trading with Europe
New England develops industries to make products no longer available from Europe
Unemployed New Englanders, esp. women, flock to textile mills in New England, ex. Lowell, MASS

7. Two Agricultural Systems: North and South
NORTH: Farmers in the Old Northwest develop small farms with cash crops (corn, wheat)
 do not require extensive labor
 DECLINE OF SLAVERY
SOUTH: Cotton Gin spurs agricultural industrialization in the South
 “Cotton Kingdom” in LA, MI, & AL
 EXPANSION OF SLAVERY & SLAVE TRADE

8. “The American System” CREATORS: Pres. Madison & Henry Clay
Strong Bank  available credit and unified currency $
2. Protective Tariff  encourage manufacturing
AND pay for canals and roads
Tariff of 1816 = first protective tariff in US history,
20-25% on imported goods
Canals and Roads  connect and integrate the growing country’s economy by building National Road (Cumberland, MD-Vandalia, IL) and Erie Canal (Great Lakes w/ Hudson and the Atlantic)

9. Map: U.S. Manufacturing Employment, 1820 and 1850

10. Map: Major Roads, Canals, and Railroads, 1850

11. Map: Railroad Growth,
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12. The American System

13. The American System

15. Era of Good Feelings – Really?
Election of 1816: Republicans crush Federalists, 183 to 34 (see election.org)
James Monroe is 5th President of the United States
Monroe is the ambassador of Nationalism
Monroe’s administration was called the “Era of Good Feelings”
WHY?
ANSWER: With no Federalists, the US seemed united