1. NAAC/CMA DVD Available
Tony Myhra - (800)
NAAC/CMA DVD Available

2. Deicing Chemicals Available
Sodium chloride
Magnesium chloride
Calcium chloride
Potassium chloride
Combinations of all of the above
Some with inhibitors packages
Calcium magnesium acetate (CMA)
Potassium acetate (CF7)
Anhydrous sodium acetate (NAAC)

3. Sodium Chloride NaCl Eutectic temperature - -6°F (-21°C)
Working temperature °F (-7°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-21°C)
Granular - Solid crystal in form
Can be liquefied to a 23% solution
Rate of application – #/LM
Can be mixed with abrasives
Most common deicer

4. Magnesium Chloride MgCl2
Working temperature - + 5°F (-15°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-33°C)
Granular – hydroscopic
Liquid to a 25% - 35% solution
Rate of liquid application – GAL/LM
Deice – anti ice - prewet
Aggressive corrosion
Requires periodic agitation weekly or daily

5. Calcium Chloride CaCl2 Working temperature - -25°F (-31°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-45°C)
Pellet, flake, granular - hydroscopic
Liquid to a 25% - 35% solution
Rate of liquid application– GAL/LM
Deice – anti-ice – pre wet
Requires daily agitation
Aggressive Corrosion
Hard on leather shoes and gloves

6. Potassium Chloride KCl
Working temperature - +25°F (-4°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-15°C)
Solid crystal in form
Rate slightly higher than NaCl
Deicer– mostly commercial use

7. Calcium Magnesium Acetate (CMA)
Working temperature °F (-7°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-28°C)
Pelleted - Liquid to a 25% - 30% sol
Rate of liquid application – anti-icing GAL/LM –Deice – GAL/LM
(.5-1 gallon/1000 Ft²)
Rate dry – # LANE MILE (10-25#/1000 FT²)
Deice – Anti-ice – Pre wet sensitive areas
Agitation of liquid prior to loading
Contains no chlorides
Safest deicer for new concrete

8. CMA 40 Eutectic temperature - -8°F (-22°C)
Working temperature °F (-7°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-22°C)
40% CMA – 60% Sodium Chloride
Spread – Same as rock salt - 200# - 500# LANE MILE
Used to prevent spalling
Used only where there is no steel in reinforced concrete.
Lower cost deicer.

9. Anhydrous Sodium Acetate (NAAC)
Working temperature - + 0°F (-18°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-22°C)
Pelleted only
Spread – 200# - 500# LANE MILE
7-20# per 1000 Ft²
Deicer – contains no chloride
Used in salt sensitive areas – airport runways, bridges, parking garages, doorways, sidewalks, etc.

10. Potassium Acetate Based (KAC) CF7
Working temperature °F (-32°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-60°C)
Liquid – 50% solution
Rate of liquid application – 15-3O GAL/LM
.5 to 1 gallon per 1000 Ft².
Deice – anti-ice – pre wet
No agitation – indefinite storage life
Contains no chloride
Ideal for Fixed Anti-icing Spray Technology (FAST)

11. Hidden Costs of Deicing
Cost of salt
Purchase price
Storage
Labor
Equipment
Corrosion to structures and vehicles
Cost of sand
Purchase price
Storage
Labor
Equipment
Clean up
Lawsuits

12. Water quality Accidents Delays Lost business Lost production
Other Hidden Costs
Cost to public if we don’t deice.
Accidents
Delays
Lost business
Lost production
Environmental concerns
Water quality
Chlorides
Damage to vegetation and soils
Air quality
PM10
Sand siltration

13. Federal Highway Administration
Search for chloride salt alternatives
Environment
Performance
Low Corrosion

14. CMA, NAAC & CF7 The Problem Solvers

15. Chemical formula…CH3COO- Low corrosion Low toxicity Biodegradable
Acetate Ion
Chemical formula…CH3COO-
Low corrosion
Low toxicity
Biodegradable
Long lasting effect

16. Raw Material for Acetates
Acetic Acid
Acetate ion
Found in vinegar
pH changed when reacted base materials
Biodegradable

17. Calcium magnesium acetate (CMA) Ca3Mg7(CH3COO)20
Acetate Deicers
Calcium magnesium acetate (CMA)
Ca3Mg7(CH3COO)20
Potassium acetate (KAc)
CH3COOK
Anhydrous sodium acetate (NaAc)
CH3OONa

18. Calcium Magnesium Acetate
Dolomitic lime + acetic acid
yields
Ca3Mg7(C2H3O2)20

19. Calcium Magnesium Acetate
Since 1979
Environmentally safe
Low corrosion
Safe for concrete
Effective performance
Residual effect
Stores well
Biodegradable
Low toxicity
Costs more to make!

20. Cryotech NAAC Solid Runway Deicer
97% Anhydrous Sodium Acetate
+ <1% corrosion inhibitors
CH3COO- + Na+

21. 97% Anhydrous Sodium Acetate
Since 1997
Environmentally safe
Low corrosion
Effective performance
Approved for airports
Residual effect
Stores well
Biodegradable
Low toxicity
Costs more to make!

22. CF7 Liquid Deicer Potassium Acetate-Based
Acetic Acid + Potassium Hydroxide
yields Potassium Acetate + Water
(plus proprietary corrosion Inhibitors)
HC2H3O2 + KOH => KC2H3O2 + H2O

23. Problem Solver Environment Anti-icing and Deicing
New bridges, Chloride Contaminated bridges
Sidewalks, Doorways & Parking Structures
Blending/Inhibitor
Fixed anti-icing spray technology
(F.A.S.T.)

24. Understanding Deicers
Must know how to use deicers
Effectively and how they work.

25. What Is Anti-Icing?
Anti-icing is a snow and ice control measure to prevent a strong bond between frozen precipitation or frost and a pavement surface by timely application of a chemical freezing point depressant. Proactive approach.

26. Anti-icing Expectations
Snow more easily removed
Ice may not form or remain slushy
Lower chemical usage
Shoveling, plowing, brooming required
Lower equipment maintenance costs

27. What Is De-Icing?
De-icing is an measure where a deicer is applied to the top of an accumulation of snow, ice or frost that is already bonded or formed to the pavement surface. Reactive approach.

28. Using the right equipment For effective snow & ice control

29. New Bridges, Parking Garages, Elevated Walkways
CMA/NAAC/CF7 – “The problem solver”

30. FHWA - CMA Study Conclusions
Concrete w/o rebar
Little weight loss or spalling
Concrete with rebar
No damage
4 Year study
Non-metallics
Little affect
CMA – “The problem solver”

31. Costs of Using Chloride Based Deicers
Cost of new construction - $20,000-$24,000/Space
Cost to repair chloride damage $3000-$4000/space
Cost of lost revenue while out of service?
Cost of inconvenience to customers.
Cost of demolition
Cost of liability and insurability
Can’t afford chloride deicers damage from $50/space of salt over a 20 year period

32. CMA Effect on Chloride Contaminated Concrete
The Danish corrosion centre, 1990
“CMA…seems to delay the onset of corrosion.”
BP research centre, 1989
“Changing…to acetate deicer decreases the corrosion rate of steel…by more than a factor of ten.”

33. Corrosion Retardation

34. Effect of Deicers on Concrete Spalling of Non Air-Entrained Structural Concrete
Dept of Transport, UK, 1993

35. Concrete Spalling

36. Acetate Deicers Summary of Options
Direct application
With chloride deicers
With sand
Liquid deicer
Liquid anti-icer
Liquid pre wetter

37. Cargill SafeLane™ Polymer Overlay – Product Profile
SafeLane Surface
3/8” Thickness 4 lbs./ft2
Concrete – 12.5 lbs/sf per inch thick
Asphalt – 14 lbs/sf per inch thickness
Existing substrate
SafeLane can be installed on concrete, asphalt, FRP, steel or wood Concrete – 12.5 lbs/sf per inch; Asphalt – 14 lbs/sf per inch 37

38. Deicing Chemicals Review
Sodium chloride
Magnesium chloride
Calcium chloride
Potassium chloride
Combinations of all of the above
Some with inhibitors packages
Calcium magnesium acetate (CMA)
Potassium acetate (CF7)
Anhydrous sodium acetate (NAAC)

39. Calcium Magnesium Acetate (CMA)
Working temperature °F (-7°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-28°C)
Pelleted - Liquid to a 25% - 30% sol
Rate of liquid application – anti-icing GAL/LM – Deice – GAL/LM
Rate dry – # Lane Mile (10-25#/1000 Ft²)
Deice – Anti-ice – Pre wet sensitive areas
Agitation of liquid prior to loading liquid.
Contains no chlorides
Safest deicer for new concrete

40. CMA 40 Eutectic temperature - -8°F (-22°C)
Working temperature °F (-7°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-22°C)
40% CMA – 60% Sodium Chloride
Spread – 200#-500# LANE MILE (10-25#/1000 Ft²)
Used to prevent spalling
Used only where there is no steel in reinforced concrete.
Lower cost deicer.

41. Anhydrous Sodium Acetate (NAAC)
Working temperature - + 0°F (-18°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-22°C)
Pelleted only
Spread – 200#-500#/Lane Mile (7-20#/1000 Ft²)
Deicer – contains no chloride
Used in salt sensitive areas – airport runways, bridges, parking garages, doorways, sidewalks, etc.

42. Potassium Acetate Based (KAC) CF7
Working temperature °F (-32°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-60°C)
Liquid – 50% solution
Rate of liquid application – 15-3O GAL/LM
.5 – 1 gallon per 1000 Ft²
Deice – anti-ice – pre wet
No agitation – indefinite storage life
Contains no chloride
Ideal for Fixed Anti-icing Spray Technology (FAST)

43. Potassium Acetate Based (KAC) CF7
Working temperature °F (-32°C)
Eutectic temperature °F (-60°C)
Liquid – 50% solution
Rate of liquid application – 15-3O GAL/LM
.5 – 1 gallon per 1000 Ft²
Deice – anti-ice – pre wet
No agitation – indefinite storage life
Contains no chloride
Ideal for Fixed Anti-icing Spray Technology (FAST)

44. Acetate Deicers Summary of Options
Direct application
With chloride deicers
With sand
Liquid deicer
Liquid anti-icer
Liquid pre wetter

45. Options for Parking Garage Longevity
Good Design
Good Construction Materials
Good Drainage
Good Sealers/Membranes - Waterproofing
Continuous Maintenance Practices
Avoid Chloride Deicers
Use Non-Chloride Deicers like NAAC, CMA & CF7

46. NAAC/CMA DVD Available
Questions?
Tony Myhra - (800)
NAAC/CMA DVD Available