1. Academic Integrity Dr. David Bozak Associate Dean College of Arts & Sciences SUNY Oswego dab@oswego.edu

2. August 28, 20072 My background BA, Rice University; MS/PhD UNH Joint appointment at Oswego – computer science and psychology Developed CS dept cheating policy http://www.oswego.edu/academics/college s_and_departments/departments/computer _science/cheating.html As Associate Dean, final step in appeal process Task Force on Academic Quality subcommittee on cheating and plagiarism Committee on Intellectual Integrity

3. August 28, 20073 True or False? Students begin cheating as early as 3rd grade.

4. August 28, 20074 Academic Integrity Survey Center for Academic Integrity http://academicintegrity.org Dr. Donald McCabe – replicated William J. Bower’s 1964 survey at 31 institutions (“Student Dishonesty and its Control in College”) SUNY Oswego participated in 2006- 2007 17,401 undergrads @ 19 schools 3,985 faculty @ 17 schools

5. August 28, 20075 How frequently do you think the following occurs on campus? Plagiarism on written assignments –Never - 1% –Very Seldom - 21% –Seldom - 47% –Often – 25% –Very Often – 6%

6. August 28, 20076 How frequently do you think the following occurs on campus? Plagiarism on written assignments –Never - 1% (<1%) –Very Seldom - 21% (7%) –Seldom - 47% (42%) –Often – 25% (39%) –Very Often – 6% (11%)

7. August 28, 20077 How frequently do you think the following occurs on campus? Inappropriate sharing in group assignments –Never - 1% –Very Seldom - 10% –Seldom - 32% –Often - 38% –Very Often - 19%

8. August 28, 20078 How frequently do you think the following occurs on campus? Inappropriate sharing in group assignments –Never - 1% (1%) –Very Seldom - 10% (7%) –Seldom - 32% (39%) –Often - 38% (38%) –Very Often - 19% (15%)

9. August 28, 20079 How frequently do you think the following occurs on campus? Cheating during tests or examinations –Never - 3% –Very Seldom - 33% –Seldom - 37% –Often - 18% –Very Often - 9%

10. August 28, 200710 How frequently do you think the following occurs on campus? Cheating during tests or examinations –Never - 3% (1%) –Very Seldom - 33% (25%) –Seldom - 37% (50%) –Often - 18% (19%) –Very Often - 9% (5%)

11. August 28, 200711 During the past year, how often have you Worked with others when asked for individual work –Never - 53% –Once - 18% –More than once - 23% –NA – 6%

12. August 28, 200712 During the past year, how often have you Copied another’s homework –Never - 66% –Once - 17% –More than once - 15% –NA – 3%

13. August 28, 200713 During the past year, how often have you Copied a few sentences from a written source without citing it –Never - 65% –Once - 17% –More than once - 13% –NA – 4%

14. August 28, 200714 During the past year, how often have you Copied from an electronic course without footnoting –Never - 64% –Once - 18% –More than once - 14% –NA – 4%

15. August 28, 200715 How often, if ever, have you seen a student cheating during a test/exam? Never – 41% Once – 14% Few times – 32% Several times – 9% Many times – 2% NA – 2%

16. August 28, 200716 Have you ever ignored an incident of cheating in one of your courses for any reason? Yes – 38% No – 62%

17. August 28, 200717 Have you ever referred a case of suspected cheating to anyone? Yes – 44% No – 56%

18. August 28, 200718 Cheating is a serious problem on campus. –Strongly disagree – 2% –Disagree – 14% –Not sure – 42% –Agree – 32% –Strongly agree – 10%

19. August 28, 200719 How frequently have you observed student dishonesty when completing assignments or exams? SUNY Student Opinion Survey Spring, 2003 Very frequently – 4% Frequently – 11% Sometimes – 27% Rarely – 33% Never – 22%

20. August 28, 200720 Faculty report suspected cases of cheating –Strongly disagree – 4% –Disagree – 23% –Not sure – 42% –Agree – 27% –Strongly agree – 5%

21. August 28, 200721 Oswego’s policy Two tracks –Academic Penalties up to failure for the course –Judicial Penalties up to suspension/explulsion Repeat offenders

22. August 28, 200722 True or False? Adhering to campus policy is a constitutional requirement.

23. August 28, 200723 Delhi’s policy Involves both Academic Affairs (Coordinator of Academic Advising) and Student Life (College Judicial Coordinator) Mandatory meeting with student provides educational opportunity Mandatory reporting demonstrates the seriousness of the issue Progressive punishment Appeal process is described

24. August 28, 200724 Community Standards Oswego’s approach – levels of non-compliance Level 0 – trivial errors Level 1 – unintentional errors Level 2 – poor decision making Level 3 – intentional dishonesty

25. August 28, 200725 Promotion of policy Dialog – faculty and student –Review process that led to new policy –Open faculty forum to discuss issues –Open student forum to discuss issues –Promotion from President, Provost on down, including faculty and student leaders Visibility –Posters, bookmarks, etc. promoting integrity –Encouraging faculty to include reference to policy on syllabus

26. August 28, 200726 True or False? The weakest students on campus are the ones most likely to cheat/plagiarize.

27. August 28, 200727 Why students cheat "What's important is getting ahead. Cheating is a shortcut and it's a pretty efficient one in a lot of cases.“ –Courses not interesting enough –Time –Need to get good grades –“unfair” tests/assignments; assignments that are makework

28. August 28, 200728 True or False? Males are more likely than females to cheat on an exam.

29. August 28, 200729 Combating misconduct Change exams frequently (68%) Monitor students closely on tests; space them out during tests (72%) Discuss views on integrity (65%) Info on syllabus about cheating (67%) Use of internet to confirm plagiarism (29%)

30. August 28, 200730 Plagiarism detection? “Plagiarism Detection: Is Technology the Answer?” by Liz Johnson http://connect.educause.edu/lib rary/abstract/PlagiarismDetecti onI/44506 Compares 7 services Doc Cop – http://doccop.com/

31. August 28, 200731 Combating misconduct Use the policy! When students feel faculty don’t support integrity policies, there is little chance of getting caught or if caught receiving significant penalty Use a variety of assessment methods Require drafts of all papers Take more time to listen to students and understand their needs

32. August 28, 200732 Creating a Culture of Integrity Promotion of integrity –“Ten Principles of Academic Integrity” by McCabe and Pavela Student involvement –Student leadership –Student participation on Hearing Board Matriculation pledge

33. August 28, 200733 True or False? Public and Parochial college students are equally likely to report having cheated or plagiarized.

34. August 28, 200734 Looking ahead – an Honor code? Honor system Modified honor system Integrity Code

35. August 28, 200735 References http://www.academicintegrity. org/ http://www.academicintegrity. org/educational_resources/pdf/ Letter_To_My_Students.pdf http://www.collegepubs.com/r ef/10PrinAcaInteg.shtml http://www.plagiary.org/

36. August 28, 200736 References http://www.josephsoninstitute.org/r eportcard/ Ethics & Behavior, July, 2001, Vol.11, Issue 3 (special issue on cheating in colleges and universities “The Spiritual Life of College Students,” Higher Education Research Institute, UCLA http://www.spirituality.ucla.edu/res ults