2. Sentence Structures: Simple, Compound, Complex, Compound- Complex

3. What is sentence structure anyway? The structure of a sentence refers to: The kinds and number of clauses a sentence has. The kinds and number of clauses a sentence has.

4. What is a clause again? Group of words with a subject and verb May or may not have a complete thought

5. When will a clause have a complete thought? Ask Webbie! That’s right…if it’s i-n-d-e-p-e-n-d-e-n-t! So… an independent clause has what three things? Subject Verb Complete Thought

6. When will a clause not have a complete thought? If it’s Dependent! What kinds of words introduce dependent clauses again? Relative Pronouns: that, which, who, whom, whose & Subordinating Conjunctions: if, when, because, since, and

7. Simple Sentence A simple sentence has one independent clause and no dependent clauses:  The student yawned.

8. Although a simple sentence cannot have a dependent clause, it can have modifiers: The tall student sitting in the back in my algebra class yawned loudly. The basic sentence is ‘ The student yawned ’. The other words are modifiers - they are descriptive words.

9. A simple sentence contains only one independent clause, but it can have more than one subject or verb: TWO SUBJECTS: The student and his friend yawned. TWO VERBS : The student yawned and fell asleep.

10. A sentence with all these elements will be long, but it is still simple because it contains only one independent clause: The tall student sitting in the back in my physics class and his friend yawned loudly and fell asleep. Can you identify the ‘ real ’ sentence and the modifiers?

11. The tall student sitting in the back in my physics class and his friend yawned loudly and fell asleep.

12. Compound Sentence Definition: Two (or more) Independent Clauses Example: I went to the game early, but I forgot my wallet. 1 Independent 1 Independent + 1 Independent = 2 Independent Clauses! Think of a compound word…basketball!

13. What part of speech combines things? Conjunctions! This is how you will combine clauses and sentences together!

14. What are three ways to combine/punctuate sentences? 1.Comma + Conjunction 2.Semicolon 3.Period + Capital Letter

15. Compound sentence with coordinating conjunctions Most compound sentences are formed with a coordinating conjunction: and, or, but, so, for, nor, yet. The last three occur almost exclusively in writing, so they add a level of formality: The experiment was deemed successful, yet our results were unsatisfactory. The students were unhappy with their professor, for he often wasted their time in class.

16. Compound sentence without coordinating conjunctions Often good writers decide to eliminate the conjunction and simply add a semicolon: The ambitious student initiated the research; the teacher was pleased by her efforts. The students were unhappy with their professor; he often wasted their time in class.

17. If All Sentences Were Structured the Same… Writing would be: boring, choppy, lack feeling and emphasis Varied Sentence Structure Creates: FlowFlow ExcitementExcitement Change of paceChange of pace EmphasisEmphasis Shows unity….allows us to tie ideas together and see a relationshipShows unity….allows us to tie ideas together and see a relationship

18. Complex Sentences Definition: one independent clause + one dependent clause (at least) Example: When I go home from school, (Dep) I like to ride my four wheeler. (Ind) 1 + 1… one of each! What’s the subordinating conjunction in the dependent clause? When

19. Compound -Complex Sentences Definition: Two independent clauses (at least) + one dependent clause (at least) Example: I enjoy listening to music, and I just bought a new CD since my grandma gave me money for my birthday. What is 1 Ind. Clause you see? What is the 2 nd Ind. Clause you see? What is the Dep. Clause you see?

20. Compound -Complex Sentences Continued… Example: I enjoy listening to music, and I just bought a new CD since my grandma gave me money for my birthday. What specifically is connecting the 2 Ind. Clauses? Comma & the Coordinating Conjunction “and”…Remember, it’s a FANBOY! What specifically is introducing the Dep. Clause? The Subordinating Conjunction since