1. Triz & Building Information Modeling
Instructor:
Dr. Nabil Alsawalhi
Prepared by:
Mansour Almanassra
November, 2014

2. What is Triz
TRIZ is short for teirija rezhenijia izobretalenksh zadach (“theory of inventive problem solving”), developed by the Russian scientist Genrish Altshuller. TRIZ provides systematic methods and tools for analysis and innovative problem solving to support the decision-making process.

3. Continuous and effective quality improvement is critical to the organization’s growth, sustainability, and competitiveness.
The cost of quality is associated with both chronic and sporadic problems.
Engineers are required to identify and analyze the causes and solve these problems by applying various quality improvement tools. Any of these quality tools taken individually does not allow a quality practitioner to carry out the whole problem-solving cycle. These tools are useful for solving a particular phase of the problem and need a combination of various tools and methods to find the solution.
TRIZ is an approach that starts at a point where fresh thinking is needed to develop a new process or redesign an existing one.
TRIZ focuses on a method for developing ideas to improve a process, get something done, design a new approach, or redesign an existing approach.
It has advantages over other problem-solving approaches in terms of time efficiency and low-cost quality improvement solution.
The pillar of TRIZ is the realization that contradictions can be methodically resolved through the application of innovative solutions. Altshuller defined an inventive problem as one containing a contradiction. He defined contradiction as a situation where an attempt to improve one feature of the system detracts from another feature.

4. Triz methodology
Traditional processes for increasing creativity have a major flaw in that their usefulness decreases as the complexity of the problem increases. At times, the trial-and- error method is used in every process, and the number of trials increases with the complexity of the inventive problem.
In 1946, Altshuller was determined to improve the inventive process by developing the “ science” of creativity, which led to the creation of TRIZ. TRIZ was developed by Altshuller as a result of analysis of many thousands of patents. He reviewed over 200,000 patents looking for problems and how they were solved. He selected 40,000 as representative of inventive solutions, and the rest were classified as direct improvements easily recognized within the system. Altshuller recognized a pattern where some fundamental problems were solved with solutions that were repeatedly used from one patent to another, although the patent subject, applications, and timings varied significantly. He categorized these patterns into five levels of inventiveness. Table 1 summarizes Altshuller’s findings.

5. Table 1

6. Altschuller noted that, with each succeeding level, the source of the solution required broader knowledge and more solutions to consider before an ideal solution could be found.
TRIZ is a creative thinking process that provides a highly structured approach to generating innovative ideas and solutions for problem solving. It provides tools and methods for use in problem formulation, system analysis, failure analysis, and pattern of system evolution.
TRIZ works in contrast to techniques such as brainstorming and aims to create an algorithmic approach to the invention of new systems and refinement of old systems. Using TRIZ require some training and good deal of practice.
The TRIZ body of knowledge contains 40 creative principles drawn from the analysis of how complex problems have been solved, such as
The laws of systems solution
The algorithm of inventive problem solving
Substance-field analysis
76 standard solutions

7. Altshuller’s 40 Principles of TRIZ
Segmentation
Taking out
Local Quality
Asymmetry
Merging
Universality
“Nested doll”
Anti-weight
Preliminary anti-action
Preliminary action
Beforehand cushioning
Equipotentiality
The other way around
Spheroidality
Dynamics
Partial or excessive actions
Another dimension
Mechanical vibration
Periodic action
Continuity of useful action
Skipping
“Blessing in disguise”
Feedback
‘Intermediary’
Self-service
Copying
Cheap short-living
Mechanics substitution
Pneumatics and hydraulics
Flexible shells and thin films
Porous materials
Color changes
Homogeneity
Discarding and recovering
Parameter changes
Phase transitions
Thermal expansion
Strong oxidants
Inert atmosphere
Composite material films

8. Application of TriZ
Engineers can apply TRIZ for solving the following problems in construction projects:
Nonavailability of specified material
Regulatory changes for using certain types of material
Failure of dewatering system
Casting of lower grade of concrete to that of specified higher grade
Collapse of trench during excavation
Collapse of formwork
Collapse of roof slab while casting is in progress
Chiller failure during peak hours in the summer
Modifying method statement
Quality auditor can use to develop corrective actions to audit findings

9. TriZ Process
Altshuller has recommended four steps to invent new solutions to a low-level problems. These are:
Step 1—Identify the problem
Step 2—Formulate the problem
Step 3—Search for precisely well-solved problem
Step 4—Generate multiple ideas and adopt a solution
To solve more difficult problems, more precise tools are used. These are as follows:
ARIZ (Algorithm for Inventive Problem Solving)
Separation Principles
Substance-Field Analysis
Anticipator Failure Determination
Direct Product Evaluation

10. The quality function deployment (QFD) matrix is also used to identify new functions and performance levels to achieve a truly exciting level of quality by eliminating technical bottlenecks at the conceptual stage. QFD may be used to feed data into TRIZ, especially using the “rooftop” to help develop contradictions.
The different schools for TRIZ and individual practitioners have continued to improve and add to the methodology.

11. building information Modeling
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an innovative process of generating a digital database for collaboration and managing building data during its life cycle and for preserving the information for reuse and additional industry-specific applications.
It is Autodesk’s strategy for the application of information technology to the building industry. It helps in better visualization and clash detection, and is an excellent tool to develop project staging plans, study phasing and coordination issues during the construction project life cycle, preparation of As-Builts, and also during maintenance of the project.

12. Quality in use aims at defining the quality attributes that are important to the end user. In 1991, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) introduced ISO/IEC 9126 (1991): Software evaluation quality characteristics and guidelines for their use. ISO/IEC 9126 is a four-part model:
Part 1: Quality model
Part 2: External metrics
Part 3: Internal metrics
Part 4: Quality in use metric
There are six characteristics for both external and internal metrics: functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, and portability. They can be further subdivided into sub-characteristics. The quality in use metrics has four characteristics: effectiveness, satisfaction, productivity, and safety.

13. ISO/IEC was superseded in by ISO/IEC : Software Engineering. All the requirements of ISO/IEC 9126 have been taken care of in this standard. Table 1.16 lists software quality factors to be considered while selecting a software package.

15. End Of Presentation
Thanks you