1. Presentation by Muhammad Aleemuddin
KHILAFAT MOVEMENT
Presentation by
Muhammad Aleemuddin

2. Introduction
Since the 16th century the Turkish Khalifa was considered by many Muslims to be Caliph.
The Turkish Empire (also known as The Ottoman Empire) included Makkah, Madinah, and Jerusalem.

3. The Ottoman Empire Collapsed
In 1914 the Ottomans joined the First World War in support of the Central Powers
After defeat the Ottoman Empire was divided between various countries
Istanbul Russia
Syria, Iraq France
Cyprus, Egypt Britain
Palestine International Rule

4. Beginning of the Khilafat Movement
Began in 1919
Leaders: Maulana Muhammad Ali, Maulana Shaukat Ali, and Abul Kalam Azad

5. AIMS
to give power back to the Caliph
to gain independence for India

6. AN ATTEMPT
The Leaders went to London to protest about European policy towards Islam
They explained the Muslim feelings
The British ignored them
Maulana Muhammad Ali announced that the British should no longer be obeyed

7. Gandhi joined the Khilafat Movement
Maulana Muhammad Ali invited Gandhi to the Khilafat meetings
Gandhi and Annie Besant attended a meeting in 1920 at Amritsar
Gandhi was elected the only non-Muslim member of the Executive Committee

8. Khilafat Movement & Satyagraha
Taking Gandhi’s advice, the Khilafat Committee began Satyagraha in August People avoided everything British and:
would not buy or sell British goods
refused to pay taxes
went on strike
refused to join the army
students left British educational institutions

9. Problems for the Khilafat Movement
The Hijrat to Afghanistan
The Moplah Rebellion
Violence at Chauri Chaura
The Collapse of the Khilafat Movement

10. The Hijrat to Afghanistan
Some Muslims believed that the British had been made India a land unfit for Muslims
In 1920 about 18,000 Muslim peasants migrated to Afghanistan
They sold their lands and possessions
Afghanistan refused to accept them
Many died on the way back

11. The Moplah Rebellion
Moplahs were the Muslims, in South India, who claimed to be descended from Arab settlers
They rebelled in 1921 and declared a Khilafat kingdom
Several Europeans were killed, Hindus were attacked and their houses and temples were destroyed
The British blamed this rebellion on the Khilafat Movement

12. Violence at Chauri Chaura
It was a remote village in east India
In 1922 an angry crowd burnt 22 police officers alive in their police station
Gandhi himself called off the Satyagraha Movement saying that he had made a “Himalayan blunder”
He was arrested and imprisoned for two years

13. The Collapse of the Khilafat Movement
Gandhi’s arrest weakened the Khilafat Movement
In 1922 the Turkish leader, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, abolished the Caliphate
Hindu-Muslim relationship also declined
Violent clashes between them took place in the following years