1. 1 Intel Microprocessors The history of Intel’s microprocessors (From the 4004 to the Pentium Pro) David Lenhardt Bryan Payne Marcus O’Malley Jonathan Taylor

2. 2 Introduction Brief history of the microprocessor Main features of various microprocessors Processors mentioned: 4004, 8008, 8080, 8085, 8086, 8088, 80286, 80386, 80486, Pentium, and Pentium Pro

3. 3 4-bit Microprocessor Busicom requested 12 calculator chips Marcian Hoff’s chip idea Federico Faggin’s 4000 chip set (4004 Specifications) 4-bits processed at a time 12-bit addresses

4. 4 8-bit Microprocessors 8008 Processed 8-bits at a time 14-bit addresses First to include an interrupt line 8080 & 8085 16-bit addresses Backwards compatible

5. 5 16-bit and 8-bit Microprocessors 8086 (16-bit) & 8088 (8-bit) 20-bit addresses Two processors which consisted of: Bus Interface Unit and Execution Unit Segmented Memory

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8. 8 Processor Comparison Attributes400480088080808680286 Date19711972197419781982 Transistors2,3003,3004,50029,000134,000 Word Size4-bit8-bit 16-bit Address Size12-bit14-bit16-bit20-bit24-bit Addressable Memory 4 KB16 KB64 KB1 MB16 MB Instructions464872133 133+ Max Frequency 740.74 KHz800 KHz2 MHz10 MHz12 MHz

9. 9 80286 Two modes –8086 Real Address Mode –Protected Virtual Address Mode Protected Virtual Address Mode –More address space –Multi-user protection Dedicated 286; task –Virtual memory Interrupt handler

10. 10 80286 vs. 80386 Attributes8028680386 Date19821986 Transistors134,000275,000 Word Size16-bit32-bit Address Size24-bit32-bit Addressable Memory16 MB4 GB Max Frequency12 MHz33 MHz Virtual Memory1 GB4 GB

11. 11 Introduction to 80486 Increased speed (2 x 80386) 80386 with an internal math coprocessor Upgradeable (Compatibility) Utilize new technology (RISC, cache)

12. 12 80486 Processor Segmentation and Paging Real Mode vs. Protected Mode

13. 13 80486 Specifications Attributes80486 Date1981 Transistors1, 185, 000 Word Size16-bit Address Size32-bit MIPS26.9 Cache8 KB

14. 14 Intel Pentium Released in 1993 60/66 MHz Bus Speed Two Instruction Pipeline Floating Point Calculation Floating Point Bug

15. 15 Intel Pentium Pro Super pipelining Integrated Level 2 Cache 32-Bit Optimization Wider Address Bus Greater Multiprocessing Out of Order Completion Speculative Execution

16. 16 Intel Pentium Pro Intel Pentium Pro, Technical Data ProcessorClock SpeedBus Speed Clock Multiplier P Pro 166166 MHz66 MHz2.5x P Pro 180180 MHz60 MHz3x P Pro 200200 MHz66 MHz3x

17. 17 Summary 4004 – Pentium Pro Major Features Virtual Memory Bus Pipeline Cache Reusability Segmented Memory

18. 18 End

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