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COLD WAR: THE WAR OF INFLUENCE Ms. Humes 8 th Period.

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Presentation on theme: "COLD WAR: THE WAR OF INFLUENCE Ms. Humes 8 th Period."— Presentation transcript:

1 COLD WAR: THE WAR OF INFLUENCE Ms. Humes 8 th Period

2 Day 1: The Cold War Begins - Objectives  Trace the reasons that the wartime alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union unraveled.  Explain how President Truman responded to Soviet domination of Eastern Europe.  Describe the causes and results of Stalin’s blockade of Berlin.  Essential Question:  How did the U.S. leaders respond to the threat of Soviet expansion in Europe?

3 How did the goals of U.S. and Soviet foreign policy differ after WWII?  Wanted to increase the influence and extend communism;  Communist dictatorship  People couldn’t worship as they pleased, own private property, or express opinions freely  Limit communism  Rebuild the defeated nations in Europe  Capitalist democracy Soviet UnionU.S.

4 What events caused President Truman to propose what became known as the Truman Doctrine?  Greek & Turkish Governments trying to keep communists from taking over.  Truman wanted to send money to support anti-communists efforts.  TRUMAN DOCTRINE:  Promise to aid nations struggling against communist movements  Truman from small town in Missouri, was too poor to attend college.  Only president in the 20 th century without a college education.  Fighting in WWI started his political career

5 Why did George Kennan think that containment would work against Soviet expansion?  George Kennan  An American diplomat and leading authority on Soviet Union at the time.  His article, “The Sources of Soviet Conduct” presented the blueprint for American policy of “containment”  Containment  While Stalin determined to expand Soviet empire, he would not risk security of Soviet Union for expansion.  Kennan thought Soviets would expand when it could do so without serious risks.  If the U.S. was patient in containing Soviet expansion, it would win in the end.

6 What is the Marshall Plan?  George S. Marshall  Secretary of State  Unveiled a recovery plan for Europe at Harved University  Marshall Plan  Premise: Without economic health, there can be no political stability and no assured peace.  Over the next four years, U.S. gave $13 billion in grants and loans to nations in Western Europe.  Provided food to reduce famine, fuel to heat houses and factories, and money to jump-start economic growth  Provided a vivid example of how U.S. aid could serve both economic and foreign policy.  Also helped American economy by increasing trade and promoted positive political relations, especially against the spread of communism.

7 How did the Berlin Airlifts affect West German attitudes toward the US and Great Britain?  Soviet leader on West Berlin, “bone in the throat”  Relative prosperity and freedom contrasted Eastern Berlin  In June 1948, Stalin stopped all highway, railway, and waterway traffic from western Germany into West Berlin. Without aid, W. Berlin would fall to communists.  For more than a year, US and British pilots flew around the clock to deliver goods and other vital supplies to W. Berliners.  Known as “BERLIN AIRLIFT”  Demonstrated how far U.S. would go to stop spread of communism.

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9 How did the United States and its allies apply the containment policy in Europe  America supported governments that resisted communism, and it formed NATO, whose goal was to counter Soviet expansion.  North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO):  Formed in 1949  Provided military alliance to counter Soviet expansion.  12 European & North American countries  Warsaw Pact  Soviet counter to NATO  Consisted of all communist states of Eastern Europe expect Yugoslavia  Pledged to defend one another if attcked

10 Exit Ticket: Make a “Word Web” of the reasons that led to the development of the Cold War. Beginning of the Cold War


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