1. Chapter 6: Federalists and Republicans

2. Section One:

3. The New Government The Bill of Rights was added in 1791
10 Amendments were added because of a promise to anti-federalists to protect basic rights
Freedom of Religion, Speech, Fair Trials, etc
The 10th Amendment= whatever is not stated in Constitution is power given to the states

4. First President George Washington
The only President to win by unanimous vote

5. Institutions of Power
President Washington established a Cabinet, an advisory team
Secretary/Department of State
Secretary/Department of Treasury
Attorney General
Secretary/Department of War
The judicial branch was organized, establishing the Supreme Court

6. Department of State Thomas Jefferson
Deals with matters of foreign affairs

7. Department of the Treasury
Alexander Hamilton
Deals with financial and monetary matters of the country

8. Financing the Government was Top Priority
Needed REVENUE= Needed MONEY
Created the Tariff of 1789
Supported by A. Hamilton
A Tariff is a tax on imported and/or exported goods
Hurt the South the most

9. The Right to Borrow Money
Hamilton believed we needed to be able to borrow money to pay off the debt
Had Congress take on all debt from the war
Federal government created BONDS- paper notes promising to repay the debt in exchange for money

10. Opposition to Bonds They were not worth their value
Opposition led by Madison
Felt South was being hurt- they were losing more money than the North through bonds
Feared North would dominate the South

11. Another Compromise Jefferson, Madison, and Hamilton agreed on a plan
Madison and the South supported the plan
The Capital was to be moved South from New York (modern day Washington DC)
By moving Capital South, the South felt this would offset the economic and political advantages of the North

12. The Bank of the United States
Or B.U.S.
Proposed by Hamilton- created by Congress
B.U.S. would:
create a common currency
promote trade
encourage investment
stimulate economic growth

13. Not Everyone Liked the B.U.S.
Again, South thought the North would benefit the most
James Madison thought it violated the Constitution- nowhere did it say the federal government could create a bank

14. Get on the B.U.S. Thought it did NOT violate the Constitution
Washington signs the bill- lasts next 20 years
Thought it did NOT violate the Constitution
Article I, Sec 8 federal government had power “to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper”
The Necessary and Proper Clause created IMPLIED POWERS-
They are powers that you have because it is necessary to do the job, but not stated in Constitution

15. The Whiskey Rebellion Hamilton also believed in taxing the people
He taxed whiskey
Enraged Western farmers
In 1794, rebellion erupted
Claimed “taxation without representation”

16. Outcome of the Whiskey Rebellion
Washington ordered 15,000 troops to stop rebellion
They were, in fact represented
The use of force by government on its own people worried some

17. A Change in Name Washington, Adams, Hamilton
Federalists
Democratic-Republicans
Madison and Jefferson
Used to be anti-federalists (Madison changes)
Also called Republicans
Will in the 1800s become the Democratic party
Wanted to focus on agriculture (agrarianism)
Washington, Adams, Hamilton
Wanted to work on industrialization

18. Section 2:

19. President Washington First President of the United States
Set the precedence for only serving 2 terms
Remember to reference your Presidential Chart!!!

20. During His Time and President
Major treaties
Expansionism
Jay’s Treaty
Regulated trade with the British, appeared to be Pro-British
Pinckney’s Treaty
Treaty with Spain
Allowed US to use Mississippi River
US was rapidly moving West towards Mississippi River
Needed to figure out plan with native populations….

21. Washington’s Farewell Address
His warning was……

22. John Adams
Second President of the United States

23. The Election of 1800 Between Adams, Jefferson, Burr, Pinckney, and Jay
Came down to Adams and Jefferson, but no one had majority of electoral votes
It then goes to the House to vote- but they kept tying
Finally, Jefferson won- Adams was ashamed

24. The Revolution of 1800 Term coined by Thomas Jefferson
Replaced Federalist with Anti-Federalist ideas
Thought Washington and Adams were too much like royalty
Created a less formal presidency

25. Jefferson’s Presidency
Wanted:
smaller central government
weaker central government
to eliminate standing army
to eliminate the whiskey tax
Cut government spending

26. Role of Supreme Court Increases
First important court case:
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Established concept of JUDICIAL REVIEW
The power of the judicial branch to review laws created/enforced by other branches

27. More Westward Expansion
Need more agricultural land to fulfill Jefferson’s agrarian society
Only could go west

28. The Louisiana Purchase
Napoleon wants to sell it to US- he needs the money
Jefferson wants to- but can he???
By doing so, he would violate his thoughts on government
At $15 million- he could not pass it up, so he executed the purchase
US doubled in size!

29. Exploring the West Louis and Clark
With the help of Sacagawea, they make it all the way to Pacific Ocean

30. International Tensions
Problems with Britain
Impressment- the British were kidnapping US sailors at sea and forced them into military service
Instead of going to war, Jefferson passes the Embargo Act 1807
embargo-= ban on trade
Did not work- war is looking possible

31. War of 1812
See additional papers for notes on this topic