1. Proctor and Lynch 1994, p. 247 Avian Nervous Systems Peripheral (PNS), Central (CNS), Autonomic (ANS)

2. 1 A) NEURON

3. 3 Neuron Junctions: I)Synapse II)Neurotransmitters

4. Types of Neurons: 4 Interneurons, Sensory Neurons, Motor Neurons

5. Simple Reflex 5

6. Complex Reflex Fig. 4-29 in Podulka et al. 2004

7. Peripheral Nervous System Central Nervous System Autonomic Nervous System Cell Body Dendrite Axon Myelin Sheath Axon Terminal Synapse Neurotransmitter NEURON TERMINOLOGY Sensory Neuron Motor Neuron Interneuron Simple Reflex Complex Reflex

8. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)

9. CNS: Tracts and Nuclei (White Matter and Gray Matter)

10. CNS: Neuroglia

11. CNS: Meninges Dura, Arachnoid, Pia

12. CNS: Brain Fig. 4-31 in Podulka et al. 2004 b) c)

13. CNS: Brain Structure

14. CNS: Forebrain Fig. 4-31 in Podulka et al. 2004 Memory Learning Smell Olfactory Lobe, Cerebral Hemispheres, Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland

15. 8 9

16. CNS: Midbrain Vision Hearing Optic Lobes, Optic Tracts

17. CNS: Cerebellum, Medulla Oblongata Equilibrium Posture Motor Control (i.e., Flight) ----------------------------------- Breathing Heart Rate Blood Pressure

18. Fig. 4-32 in Podulka et al. 1994 CNS: Vertebrate Brain Comparison

19. CNS: Spinal Cord Fig. 4-33 in Podulka et al. 2004

20. PNS: Cervical and Lumbosacral Enlargements Rhomboid Sinus, Glycogen Body

21. CNS TERMINOLOGY Brain Spinal Cord Tracts (White Matter) Nuclei (Gray Matter) Neuroglia Meninges Dura Arachnoid Pia Forebrain Cerebral Lobes Olfactory Lobe Midbrain Cerebellum Medulla Oblongata Cervical Enlargement Lumbosacral Enlargment Rhomboid Sinus Glycogen Body

22. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (PNS)

23. PNS: Nerves Nerve Fibers, Fascicles, Nerves

24. PNS: Ganglia

25. PNS: Cranial Nerves (12 Pairs)

26. Proctor and Lynch 1993, p. 247 PNS: Spinal Nerves I (39-51 Pairs)

27. PNS: Spinal Nerves II (Dorsal and Ventral Spinal Nerves) (Dorsal Sensory Nerve, Dorsal Root Ganglia, Ventral Motor Nerve) Dorsal Root Ganglia

28. Fig. 4-34 in Podulka et al. 2004 PNS: Brachial Plexus, Lumbosacral Plexus

29. Nerve Fascicle Nerve Fiber Ganglia Cranial Nerve (12 pairs) Spinal Nerve (variable number: 39-51 pairs) Brachial Plexus Lumbosacral Plexus PNS Terminology

30. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (ANS) p. 249 in Proctor and Lynch 1993

31. ANS: Sympathetic System (Thoracic and Lumbar Regions) Fig. 4-35 in Podulka et al. 2004 Conspicuous Ganglia

32. AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (ANS) (Sympathetic Trunk) p. 249 in Proctor and Lynch 1993

33. ANS: Parasympathetic System (Cranial and Sacral Regions) Fig. 4-35 in Podulka et al. 2004 Inconspicuous Ganglia

34. ANS Terminology Two Neuron Chains Sympathetic Nervous System Sympathetic Ganglia Sympathetic Trunk “Fight or Flight” Response Parasympathetic Nervous System Parasympathetic Ganglia Relaxation Response

35. 1 http://www.mikearauz.com/images/myelin.jpg 2 http://www.sci-recovery.org/images/synapse.gif 3 http://www.medanimations.com/illustrations/illus_images/neuronSynapse.jpg 4 http://lpmpjogja.diknas.go.id/kc/b/brain/brain-neuron-types.gif 5 http://www.yachigusaryu.com/blog/pics/top_ten_principles/3/ image005.jpg 6 http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2007/08/01/health/adam/18117.jpg 7 http://www.free-ed.net/sweethaven/MedTech/Physiology/007fig1202.jpg 8 http://people.eku.edu/ritchisong/554images/kiwi_nostril2.png 9 http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/02/images/060217_kiwi.jpg 10 http://kaweahoaks.com/html/raven01.jpg 11 http://www.pocanticohills.org/4thgrade/06/399px-Buberel_Gray_parrot.jpg 12 http://www.blogfabulous.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/11/rooster.jpg

36. 14 http://www.ice.co.za/images/photos/Birds/DSC_5605a-phalarope-wilsons.jpg 15 http://dwrcdc.nr.utah.gov/rsgis2/images/Photos/loxicurv.jpg 16 http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/915/55047593.JPG 17 http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/po/graphics/crowtool.jpg 18 http://www.sciam.com/media/inline/6B81B7F7-E7F2-99DF- 39863302C45E0D3B_1.jpg 19 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/crows/images/BeWRENcth.jpg 20 http://www.sciencedaily.com/images/2007/08/070821092943.jpg 21 http://www.7seas-whalewatch.com/Wilson's%20Storm%20Petrel%20 feed%20copy.JPG 22 http://www.kiroastro.com/images/manan/9023b.jpg 23 http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/04fire/logs/hirez/zooplankton_hirez.jpg 24 http://www.audubon.org/bird/puffin/virtual/pics/lesp_nest.jpg 25 http://www.audubon.org/bird/puffin/virtual/stormpetrel.html 26 http://www.oceanwanderers.com/Prionflock.1.JPG

37. 27 http://www.eurekalert.org/features/kids/images/prion020905_1.jpg 28 http://www.eurekalert.org/features/kids/images/prion020905_2.jpg 29 http://www.pigeon.psy.tufts.edu/asc/balda/Used%20Images/pine_seed_cache _exposed_by_author_sml.png 30 http://www.kahle.org/tweeters/images/clarks.jpg 31 http://www.gotpetsonline.com/pictures-gallery/bird-pictures-breeders- chicks/pigeon-pictures-breeders-chicks/pictures/pigeon-0021.jpg 32 http://www.5bbc.org/images/2006/20061021a_pigeons_large.jpg 33 http://www.pelicannetwork.net/images.banding/VWS.Mike.Nellie.close.net.jpg 34 http://www.taiga.net/yourYukon/col139.jpg 35 http://pie.midco.net/tigerbeetle/TigerBeetle/miscphotos/Colorado/ Wilson's%20warbler.jpg 36 http://www.statesymbolsusa.org/IMAGES/Oregon/western_meadowlark4.jpg 37 http://www.hiltonpond.org/images/NuthatchWhiteBreastSeed01.jpg

38. 38 http://www.ucsc.edu/currents/02-03/art/coot-nest.200.03-04-07.JPG 39 http://www.amonline.net.au/factsheets/images/eurasian_coot_nest.jpg 40 http://kaweahoaks.com/html/raven01.jpg 41 http://fohn.net/monarch-butterfly-pictures/monarch-butterfly_800x600.jpg 42 http://www.svbnc.org/images/Mourning%20Cloak.jpg 43 http://www.hse.k12.in.us/staff/cvanalstine/images/blue%20jay.jpg 44 http://www.naturephoto-cz.com/photos/birds/carrion-crow-2612.jpg 45 http://www.hiltonpond.org/images/WalnutBlack01.jpg 46 http://economistsview.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/minime62806.gif 47 http://www.birdingmaine.com/images/PP/american_crow_flight.jpg 48 http://images.jupiterimages.com/common/detail/99/51/22845199.jpg 49 http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v431/n7004/images/431039a-f1.2.jpg 50 http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/po/graphics/crowtool.jpg

39. 51 http://www.radiology.ucsf.edu/research/images/mrn1.jpg