1. Green Manufacturing Swati Rastogi OISM 470w February 19, 2001

2. Topics To Be Covered What is green manufacturing?What is green manufacturing? Terms to knowTerms to know GoalGoal Nuts & boltsNuts & bolts How it worksHow it works ObstaclesObstacles Real world exampleReal world example Critical thinking exerciseCritical thinking exercise SummarySummary

3. What Is Green Manufacturing? Green manufacturing is a method for manufacturing that minimizes waste and pollution. These goals are often achieved through product and process design.Green manufacturing is a method for manufacturing that minimizes waste and pollution. These goals are often achieved through product and process design.

4. Terms to Know Here are some terms to help you better understand the idea of green manufacturing:Here are some terms to help you better understand the idea of green manufacturing: Product design – includes the the definition of the product architecture and the design, production, and and testing of a system for production.Product design – includes the the definition of the product architecture and the design, production, and and testing of a system for production.

5. Terms to Know (2 of 2) Three life cycle approaches to product design:Three life cycle approaches to product design: Design for reuse – refers to designing products so that they can be used in later generations of products.Design for reuse – refers to designing products so that they can be used in later generations of products. Design for disassembly – a method for developing products so that they can be easily taken apart.Design for disassembly – a method for developing products so that they can be easily taken apart. Design for remanufacture – a method for developing products so that the parts can be used in other products.Design for remanufacture – a method for developing products so that the parts can be used in other products.

6. Goal of Green Manufacturing The purpose is to support future generations by attaining sustainability by the means of preserving natural resources.The purpose is to support future generations by attaining sustainability by the means of preserving natural resources.

7. Nuts & Bolts “Environmentally benign manufacturing will become one of industry’s greatest strategic challenges, not only from an engineering perspective, but from a business and marketing perspective as well.” (3)“Environmentally benign manufacturing will become one of industry’s greatest strategic challenges, not only from an engineering perspective, but from a business and marketing perspective as well.” (3)

8. Strategic Challenges Range of coordinated actionsRange of coordinated actions Trade and environment policies (mutually supportive)Trade and environment policies (mutually supportive) Eliminating environmental harmful subsidiesEliminating environmental harmful subsidies Promoting the transfer of technologies and financial resourcesPromoting the transfer of technologies and financial resources Efficient operation of marketsEfficient operation of markets Achieving greater international cooperation (4)Achieving greater international cooperation (4)

9. Obstacles Businesses have a responsibility of influenceBusinesses have a responsibility of influence Prices of raw material and subsidized energy are essentialPrices of raw material and subsidized energy are essential Lack of availability and information (4)Lack of availability and information (4)

10. Obstacles (2 of 2) High-profile leadershipHigh-profile leadership Training programs need more supportTraining programs need more support Accessibility to loans from the governmentAccessibility to loans from the government National cleaner production centers need to be established (4)National cleaner production centers need to be established (4)

11. How It Works 1)Rethink product and process technology 2)Explore the market potential 3)Supply goods and services 4)Extend producer responsibility (4)

12. How It Works (2 of 2) 1)Reduce energy consumption 2)Integrate promotion 3)Incorporate goals 4)Promote development 5)Integrate environmental costs (4)

13. Real World Example The need for fossil fuels has lead to discoveries of different methods of manufacturing that replace renewable resources.The need for fossil fuels has lead to discoveries of different methods of manufacturing that replace renewable resources.

14. Real World Example Petroleum.Petroleum. Fossil fuel base for plastic.Fossil fuel base for plastic. Can be replaced by plants.Can be replaced by plants. »Corn can be fermented into polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). »Final product is synthesized biologically and completely biodegradable. Fast food and packaging industry use polystyrene which has similar characteristics as PHA.Fast food and packaging industry use polystyrene which has similar characteristics as PHA.

15. Real World Example – How It Works Corn is grown and harvestedCorn is grown and harvested Transported to manufacturing plantTransported to manufacturing plant Glucose extracted and fermentedGlucose extracted and fermented Cells are washed and spun in centrifuge twiceCells are washed and spun in centrifuge twice Concentrated and dried into powderConcentrated and dried into powder

16. Critical Thinking Exercise “Do you think that this process of turning corn or plants into other fossil fuels will be beneficial to the environment in the future?” (3)“Do you think that this process of turning corn or plants into other fossil fuels will be beneficial to the environment in the future?” (3) Why or why not?Why or why not?

17. Researched Response More energy is consumed during polymer production through plant fermentation.More energy is consumed during polymer production through plant fermentation. Energy is required to produce fertilizer, insecticide, and herbicides.Energy is required to produce fertilizer, insecticide, and herbicides. Energy is also required in growing, harvesting, and processing. (3)Energy is also required in growing, harvesting, and processing. (3)

18. Researched Response (2 of 3) Total energy for 1 lb. Of PHA s equal to the utilization of 2.38 lbs of fossil fuel resourcesTotal energy for 1 lb. Of PHA s equal to the utilization of 2.38 lbs of fossil fuel resources Same amount of polystyrene using chemical manufacturing needs only 2.26 lbs of oilSame amount of polystyrene using chemical manufacturing needs only 2.26 lbs of oil 19 times more electricity, 22% more steam, and seven times more water (3)19 times more electricity, 22% more steam, and seven times more water (3)

19. Researched Response (3 of 3) 2.39 lbs would have to be burned to make energy in fermentation2.39 lbs would have to be burned to make energy in fermentation 1.26 lbs would be burned in chemical manufacturing1.26 lbs would be burned in chemical manufacturing Polluting effects are greater (3)Polluting effects are greater (3)

20. Predictions “Given adequate support, renewable energy technologies can meet much of the growing demand at prices lower than those usually forecast for conventional energy. By the middle of the 21 st century, renewable resources of energy could account for 3/5 of the world’s electricity market and 2/5 of the market for fuels used directly. Moreover, making a transition to renewable-intensive energy economy would provide environmental and other benefits not measure id standard economic accounts”.(4)“Given adequate support, renewable energy technologies can meet much of the growing demand at prices lower than those usually forecast for conventional energy. By the middle of the 21 st century, renewable resources of energy could account for 3/5 of the world’s electricity market and 2/5 of the market for fuels used directly. Moreover, making a transition to renewable-intensive energy economy would provide environmental and other benefits not measure id standard economic accounts”.(4)

21. Summary “Cleaner production is a preventive strategy that aims at promoting the use and the development of cleaner, processes, products, and services”. (4)“Cleaner production is a preventive strategy that aims at promoting the use and the development of cleaner, processes, products, and services”. (4) “A key to more sustainable development is long-term structural changes in the way our economies work”. (2)“A key to more sustainable development is long-term structural changes in the way our economies work”. (2)

22. Bibliography 1.“Foster, S. Thomas. Managing Quality: An Integrative Approach. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2001. 2.“Green Manufacturing Can Be Worse For Environment.” Unisci.com. http://unisci.com/stories/19993/0824995.htm (24 Aug 1999). 3.Green Manufacturing Is A Strategic Priority.” ManufacturingNews.com. http://manufacturingnews.com/news/00/0915art1.ht ml (15 Sept. 2000). 4.“Oslo Roundtable On Sustainable Production and Consumption.” Linkages. http://www.iisd.ca/linkages/consume/oslo006.html.