1. Papernol Technical, Economic and Environmental Aspects of Converting Waste Paper into Ethanol February 26, 2008

2. Ethanol Recycle Paper Technical, Economic and Environmental Aspects of Converting Waste Paper into Ethanol

3. Outline  U.T.C. Engineering  Ethanol Sources  Comparison to Papernol  Papernol Process Hydrolysis Fermentation Purification  Full Scale Outlook

4. U.T.C. College of Engineering  Chemical  Civil  Computer  Electrical  Environmental  Industrial  Mechanical

5. Freshman Design Heat & Mass Transfer Reactor Design Distillation Process design Unit Operations Senior Design Project Engineering Economics Thermodynamics Intro Chemical Process Papernol

6. UTC Papernol Team - 2008

7. Growing Demand For Ethanol

8. Corn Ethanol Evils  12% of Corn = <2% Gasoline Supply  Cropland Intensive  High Water Pollution  Impacts Food Basket  Large Fossil Fuel Input  Low Net Energy Yield

9. Acres to Replace Gasoline Supply

10. Increase in the Price of Corn

11. Starving the Poor http://www.msnbc.msn.c om/id/22902512 /

12. Fossil Fuel Alternative: Dead Zone in Gulf of Mexico

13. Corn Ethanol Production RFA, 4/3/07 Source: Renewable Fuels Association, 8/1/07 FAR FARTHER VERY FAR Is There a Resource Closer to the Population?

14. Population = Paper RFA, 4/3/07 Source: Renewable Fuels Association, 8/1/07

15. How is Papernol Different?

16. Papernol Advantages  Converts Waste Stream to Revenue Stream  Resource from Local Community  Improves Local Economy  Minimal Transportation/Fuel Inputs  No Cropland Requirement  Fills in Gaps in Bio-Ethanol Map

17. Fermentation: Convert Glucose into Ethanol Distillation: Separate Ethanol from water Acid Hydrolysis: Dilute acid to generate glucose from cellulose Papernol Preparation and Hydrolysis Fermentation Purification

18. Stages of Project Development Lab Proof of Concept Medium Small Demonstration Pilot Integrated Processing Full Scale Unit Orange Grove Center Lab Scale – Proof of Concept Currently in Progress at UTC Available Budget: $500 Restricted Testing Medium Scale: 2008-2009 Small Demonstration Budget: $150,000 Tested Using UTC ENGR Labs Pilot Scale: 2009-2010 Integrated Processing Utilize TVA/UTC Chickamauga Site Estimated Budget: $1,000,000 Orange Grove: 2010-2011 Full Unit Skid-Mounted Modular Estimated budget: $3,000,000

19. Potential Orange Grove Site Process 10,000 lb Paper =500 gal of Ethanol per day => Three Tractor Trailers

20. To be Operated by Typical Operators: Scooter James

21. Current Work Toward our Preliminary Design: Process Design Equipment Sizing & Design Economics Environmental Aspects

22. Papernol Outlook  Cannot resolve the US energy dilemma  Orange Grove = 500 gal/day max.  Adds value to Orange Grove  Competitive with Corn & Switchgrass  A Renewable Ethanol Source

23. Thank You For Having Us ! What would the Chattanooga Energy Hub like from Papernol?