1. Oxy-Acids
You will need to know these common oxy-acids (with a 100% confidence level!)
nitric acid HNO3
chloric acid HClO3
carbonic acid H2CO3
sulphuric acid H2SO4
phosphoric acid H3PO4

2. Memory Aid - Acids The following expression gives you a
memory aid that may help working out the
formula for the various oxy-acids.
Nick the Camel had a Clam for Supper in Phoenix
First letter(s) identify the acid
# vowels = # H’s
# consonants = # O’s

3. Memory Aid - Acids Nick the Camel had a Clam for Supper in Phoenix
First letter(s) identify the acid
# vowels = # H’s
# consonants = # O’s
Nick N, nitrogen, nitric
1 vowel, 3 consonants
HNO3

4. Oxy-Acid Formulae Nick the Camel had a Clam for Supper in Phoenix
What is the formula for:
chloric acid?
HClO3
phosphoric acid?
H3PO4

5. Oxy-Acid Radicals
New negative ions/radicals are produced when you remove the hydrogens from each oxy-acid.
Each of these new ions/radicals are treated as a group/unit. The valence of the ion/radical corresponds to the number of hydrogens removed.

6. Oxy-Acid Radicals Consider sulphuric acid: H2SO4
Removing the 2 H’s gives the ion/radical:
SO42- this ion/radical is called sulphate;
its valence is 2

7. Oxy-Acid Radicals
You do not need to memorize all of these - you will be provided with a list for quizzes/tests/exam.
The negative ions/radicals related to the oxy-acids can now be used to form compounds.

8. Compounds with Oxy-Acid Ions/Radicals
Write the formula for aluminum nitrate:
Valence of aluminum is 3
Val. of nitrate is 1 (nitrate: NO3- from HNO3)
Keep in mind that the nitrate ion is a group.
Use our cross-over technique to show 3 nitrate groups:
Al(NO3)3
(You read this as “AlNO3 taken 3 times”)

9. Examples with Oxy-Acid Ions/Radicals
potassium carbonate K2CO3
tin(IV) sulphate Sn(SO4)2
iron(III) nitrate Fe(NO3)3
lithium chlorate LiClO3
barium phosphate Ba3(PO4)2
aluminum chlorate Al(ClO3)3

10. And Still More Examples
Mg(ClO3)2 magnesium chlorate
ZnCO3 zinc carbonate
LiNO3 lithium nitrate
Y2(SO4)3 yttrium sulphate
Co3(PO4)2 cobalt(II) phosphate *
* NOTE: When multiple valences are involved, you do not use the prefix system with radicals.

11. Special Ions/Radicals .
You will also have to be able to give names/write formulae using these special ions/radicals (also on the list provided).
NH4+ - ammonium ion
OH- - hydroxide ion
HCO3- - bicarbonate ion
(also called hydrogen carbonate)
Each has a val. of 1 ; each is a group/unit.

12. Examples using Special Ions/Radicals
ammonium oxide (NH4)2O
zinc hydroxide Zn(OH)2
iron(III) bicarbonate Fe(HCO3)3
NH4ClO3 ammonium chlorate
LiOH lithium hydroxide

13. More Examples with Special Ions/Radicals
ammonium chloride NH4Cl
tin(IV) bicarbonate Sn(HCO3)4
iron(III) hydroxide Fe(OH)3
ammonium sulphate (NH4)2SO4
Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide
NH4HCO3 ammonium bicarbonate

14. Other Special Compounds
There are several special compounds you will encounter in this course. We ask that you commit this one to memory:
hydrogen peroxide H2O2

15. That’s All Folks
except…..

16. of course for the practice!
The last nomenclature practice page
can now be completed.
Have fun.