1. Tracy Salov BA, CSCS EMU Sports Performance Discussion 2/13/15 Influence of Music on Exercise Performance

2. Presentation Outline Introduction Criteria of the music to have positive effects on performance Effects music has on the body and sport performance Pre-, During-, and Post-Workout Effects Discussion questions

3. Introduction History of music Availability Research of music on the body Improvements in performance

4. Criteria of the Music

5. Rhythm Energizing; uplifting

6. Criteria of the Music Rhythm Energizing; uplifting Relatability Intensity Lyrics Movement pattern

7. Criteria of the Music Rhythm Energizing; uplifting Relatability Intensity Lyrics Movement pattern Taste

8. Effects Music has on the Body and Sport Performance

9. Dissociation Arousal regulation Synchronization Acquisition of motor skills Attainment of flow

10. Dissociation

11. Reduction in fatigue

12. Dissociation Reduction in fatigue Positive mood state

13. Dissociation Reduction in fatigue Positive mood state Submaximal intensities

14. Arousal Regulation

15. Continuum of arousal Comatose to highly excited

16. Arousal Regulation Continuum of arousal Comatose to highly excited Cognitive Anxiety Somatic Anxiety

17. Arousal Regulation Continuum of arousal Comatose to highly excited Cognitive Anxiety Somatic Anxiety Helps with focus and attention Catastrophe Theory

18. Synchronization

19. Sports such as rowing, cycling, distance running

20. Synchronization Sports such as rowing, cycling, distance running Rhythm and tempo

21. Synchronization Sports such as rowing, cycling, distance running Rhythm and tempo Better efficiency

22. Acquisition of Motor Skills

23. Fluid movements Audio cues

24. Acquisition of Motor Skills Fluid movements Audio cues During exercise or competition

25. Acquisition of Motor Skills Fluid movements Audio cues During exercise or competition Reinforces the learning environment

26. Attainment of Flow

27. What is flow?

28. Attainment of Flow What is flow? Music triggers emotions and cognitions

29. Attainment of Flow What is flow? Music triggers emotions and cognitions Example: Jack Taylor: 2012

30. Pre-Workout Effects

31. Psych up or psych down Control arousal Flow

32. During-Workout Effects

33. Dissociation Fatigue Work output Fluid movements Flow

34. Post-Workout Effects

35. Research – Eliakim, et. Al Non-structured recovery 6 minute run Music, rhythm, no music Ratings of Perceived Exertion (RPE) Blood lactate levels Post-workout activity

36. Discussion Questions

37. Should all student-athletes be provided with music devices in order to prepare for and recover from an intense workout or competition? Why? Should sports competitions have extended half-times in order to see performance increases on the court or field? Why?

38. Average Cost of an MP3 Player $50-200 for a single device 350+ student athletes $17,500-70,000 Title IX

39. Average Length of Half-time 15 minutes Bumped up to 25-30 min Additional advertisements

40. Discussion Questions Should all student-athletes be provided with music devices in order to prepare for and recover from an intense workout or competition? Why? Should sports competitions have extended half-times in order to see performance increases on the court or field? Why?

41. Thank you The End

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