1. Nations, Nation-States, and Internationalism
Chapter 9

2. How is the earth a community?
“To see the earth as it truly is, small and blue and beautiful in that eternal silence where it floats, is to see ourselves as riders on the earth together, brothers on that bright loveliness in the eternal cold – brothers who know now they are truly brothers.” Archibald MacLeish

3. Key Terms of Chapter 9 Needs Wants Isolationism Unilateralism
Multilateralism
Supranationalism
Internationalism

4. Common motives Needs: Wants:
Basic elements – food, shelter, water, health
Wants:
The things that people desire
Cars, television, etc.

5. Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs

6. Motives of successful nations and nation-states.
Economic stability
Peace and security
Self-determination
Humanitarian activities

7. Economic Stability Countries seek to be economically stable:
Ensure citizens have jobs
Encourage the learning of trades and other education
Nations’ economic stability depends on
High employment rates => when people have money they have money to spend (DEMAND) on goods and services. Demand means that employers are more likely to hire to provide SUPPLY.

9. Peace and Security
People who feel safe and secure are more likely to work, go to school, etc.  which means economic prosperity.
People who do not feel safe will more likely oppose government and authorities. (ex. Oklahoma City bombing)
Constitutions guarantee the rights and security of citizens. Countries without a constitution cannot guarantee any rights or security of its people.
Wars damage people and infrastructure – creating devastating setbacks to the peace and security of nations.
Canada promotes international security by belonging to NATO, NORAD, and the United Nations.

10. Oklahoma City Bombing

11. Self-determination Power to control one’s own affairs.
Soverignty – political authority to control one’s affairs.
Canadian example: Aboriginal peoples are seeking a higher level of self-determination.

12. Humanitarianism
Taking action to relieve suffering and to protect the innocent.
Humanitarianism can be:
Response to assisting countries in respsonse to natural or man made disasters.
Feeding starving people
Accepting refugees.
Each year the Canadian government accepts more that 7000 refugees.

13. B: How do the motives of nations shape their responses to the world
Isolationism
Unilateralism
Bilateralism
Multilateralism
Supranationalism

14. Isolationism
A country completely opts out of participating in international affairs.
Japan until 1853
Switzerland – not completely isolationist
USA at the beginning of both WWI and WWII

15. Unilateralism When a country acts on its own.
This can be an aggressive policy like Japan’s invasion of China.
This can also be a benign policy like Sweden not becoming a member of NATO despite both its neighbors Norway and Denmark joining

16. Bilateralism
When two countries take action together.

17. Multilateralism Several countries working together on a given issue.
Kyoto Accord
United Nations
NATO’s invasion of Iraq

18. Supranationalism
When a country agrees to abide by the decisions of an international organization

19. C: What are some Understandings of internationalism
Internationalism: The Doctrine that all members of the global community accept collective responsibility for the challenges that dace the world

20. Example#1. World Health Organization (WHO)
Coordinates information about diseases (ie influenza etc.)
Greatest Triumph – eradication of small pox

21. Example #2: Right to Play
Non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to ensuring that children every enjoy the same human rights as those in wealthier countries.

22. Example #3: Arctic Council
Formed in 1996 and includes: Canada, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Russia, Sweden, and the USA
Promotes sustainable development and environmental protection of the Arctic region.

23. D: How does internationalism benefit nations?
Peace and Security:
United Nations has prevented many conflicts
Economic Stability:
Closer economic ties between and among nations often improves conditions for both/all nations.
Self-determination:
Living conditions have improved and moves have been made to compensate for past mistakes.
Humanitarianism:
Major disaster summon assistance from other nations.