2. The Questions 1-10 1.What do you read? 2.Do you write? 3.Can you speak? 4.Do your friends bring you down? 5.Can you pass a background check? 6.Are tattoos and piercings appropriate? 7.Are you reliable? 8.Do you have an attitude? 9.Can you manage time? 10.Are you coachable?

3. The Questions 11-20 11.Do you have people skills? 12.Do you have common sense? 13.Can you manage conflict? 14.Are you historically literate? 15.Are you on top of current events? 16.Is there balance between your personal and professional life? 17.Do you have a teacher mystique?? 18.Are you a multitasking addict? 19.How extensive is your vocabulary? 20.Are you mobile?

4. The Questions 21-30 21.Are you really committed to teaching? 22.Do you have grit? 23.Do you know how to dress like a teacher? 24.Can you envision professional career steps? 25.Do you have a sense of gratitude? 26.Is teaching a job or a profession? 27.Do you have with-it-ness? 28.Are you addicted to your cell phone? 29.What motivates you? 30.Do you have curiosity?

5. The Questions 31-40 31.Do you take care of yourself? 32.Are you a role model? 33.Do you suffer from stage fright? 34.Do you have a plan for achieving goals? 35.Do you make excuses? 36.Can you communicate with your eyes? 37.Do you have a growth mindset? 38.Are you chemically balanced?

6. Read books - fiction and nonfiction Read books about teaching Read newspapers daily; don’t get news from Internet clips; visit your library Avoid distractions of the pop culture Read in depth; do more than skim Model effective reading habits for students

7. What Should the Standard Be? Reading should be a daily habit Reading should be an integral part of teacher training Reading should be part of ongoing professional development Reading helps use texts creatively Reading must be a priority of your school’s culture

8. If you don’t read and don’t like to read, maybe teaching is not your calling.

9. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Talk to your high school teachers/college professors for reading recommendations. 2.Peruse websites of leading professional organizations that provide resources for your area of interest. 3.Read Education Week and other current and relative publications, websites, blogs. 4.Set aside a daily pleasure reading time (30 minutes) 5.Increase your personal and professional vocabulary. Become familiar with education lingo, jargon, and acronyms.

10. Writing enhances your communication skills Writing develops your analytical and rational skills Know the rules of commas Utilize online help resources when writing Master typing skills Avoid texting shortcuts Model skills for students Cursive is still an important skill

11. What Should the Standard Be? Future teachers need extensive writing experiences so their teaching of writing is based on knowledge earned themselves Daily writing supports strong skill development Writing should be part of every college class and ongoing professional development Write blogs, journals, professional articles Writing must be a priority of your school’s culture

12. If you dread writing papers, maybe teaching is not your calling.

13. Learn the Rules for Using Commas The children who couldn't do the math problem stayed after class for tutoring. The children, who couldn't do the math problem, stayed after class for tutoring.

14. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Acquire superior typing/keyboarding skills. 2.Master the basic rules of grammar - use of commas, sentence structure, etc. 3.Write stories about your personal experiences, thoughts, etc. 4.Set aside a daily writing time (30 minutes) 5.Transfer critical reading skills to writing. Make the reading/writing connection.

15. Fear of public speaking will hold you back Every great speaker started out as a poor one Public speaking demonstrates bravery and shows leadership ability Public speaking has similarities with musical/drama/athletic performance Teaching is a performance Deep, deliberate practice is the key to improvement

16. What Should the Standard Be? Future teachers must use correct English grammar Future teachers should speak in every class Speak in complete sentences Speak with conviction and effective vocal inflections Teaching of proper speaking improves students' communicative skills Public speaking must be a priority of your school’s culture

17. “Like, eliminate ‘Ums’ and ‘Ahs’, Right?”

18. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Record your speaking voice reading from a book. Analyze/critique with an experienced teacher. 2.Master the basic rules of grammar and pronunciation. 3.Speak publicly about your personal experiences, thoughts, etc. 4.Critique a variety of public speakers for use of vocal inflections/nuances. 5.Speak in every class.

19. Recognize the differences between good friends and bad friends Bad friends can negatively influence references, interviews, and hires Bad friends miss classes, work, responsibilities Bad friends are incapable of visioning Good friends support commitments and responsibilities

20. What Should the Standard Be? Good friends support you always Good friends are loyal and trustworthy Good friends make you smile and laugh Good friends are respectable and never reflect poorly on you Good friends accept criticism and work for continuous self improvement Good friends never make you guilty by association

22. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Dissolve relationships that drag you down. 2.Avoid negative peer pressure. 3.Be a great friend to get a great friend. 4.Surround yourself with friends that share your values and career goals. 5.Develop relationships with those who stick by you when you are at your best and your worst. 6.Ask a critical friend or teacher to give feedback about your friend selection and your ability to be a friend.

23. Avoid dumb actions in college If your conscience raises a question, don’t do it Beware of your social media profile Employers know how to obtain information from email and the Internet Don’t frequent bars/clubs in your community Misdemeanors can be as damaging as felonies

24. What Should the Standard Be? Must be able to provide a clean BCII record Must have an impeccable school/work behavior record Must avoid inappropriate postings on Facebook No gossip about your personal relationships and/or behavior An appropriate personal code of ethics Don’t do it if your parents wouldn’t be proud Never Drink and Drive

25. Never Have These Pictures Made of You Cameras are everywhere. They do not lie.

26. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Be ever mindful of what is said and written about you by others. 2.Don’t bully nor allow your friends to bully. 3.Never write an email when you are angry. 4.Avoid parties in high school and college that lack proper supervision. Never be intoxicated in public. 5.Be aware that everything you do now will reflect positively or negatively on you when an employer starts searching your background and references.

27. What you do to your body is a personal decision Professional attire in the workforce is not an option Teachers are role models Tattoos send questionable social signaling messages Many parents support conservative values When all other factors are equal, the balance might fall in favor of the professional without

28. What Should the Standard Be? Discretion is the key to tattoos Some schools maintain dress codes for teachers A tattoo should be something you can wear in 20 years Questionable decisions regarding personal attire and decorum can limit opportunities to get a job All U.S. military branches have standards about where, what, how much, and how many tattoos their members can have prior to enlistment and during service

29. Would you want your child taught be these people?

30. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Be ever mindful of how the general public in your area views tattoos (decoration or mutilation?). Weigh the pros and cons. 2.Avoid potentially harmful cultural fads. 3.Research the desirable characteristics and expectations for teachers in your area 4.Talk with a school principal 5.Recognize that a teacher’s personal decisions and actions must always be reconciled with professional standards and expectations

31. Teaching involves adversity and controversy. Teachers’ actions are always a subject of discussion. Don’t subject yourself to questionable or needless forms of attention.

32. Attend all classes and attend while in class Get work done on time Punctuality is a virtue Attendance and tardiness records indicate reliability Make no excuses Students must be able to trust and count on you Do what you say you will do when you say you will do it!

33. What Should the Standard Be? Never be tardy or skip a class Always comply with appropriate rules and regulations Never falsify or conceal information Never allow your judgment to be viewed as questionable Never associate with anyone involved in criminal activity

34. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Maintain a superior attendance record at school and work. 2.Be known for achievement rather than anything less. 3.Become your teacher’s (boss’s) go-to person when support is needed. 4.Make sure everything you say and do is credible and believable. 5.Be authentic. Be the link others count on

35. Smile; show a sense of humor Use appropriate body language Carry yourself with confidence Maintain eye contact Show enthusiasm Strive for excellence Be decisive and take charge of things in a group Achieve efficiency; be the easiest to work with Show courtesy; manners; etiquette

36. What Should the Standard Be? Be friendly to everyone, even those you don’t know. Be a good sport when others succeed. Motivate others. Smile to create a positive atmosphere. Give more than you expect to receive. Be someone who you would want to be around. Choose to be excellent.

38. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Be someone who others want to be with, because you lift their energy, attitude, and spirit. 2.Ask a critical friend if you are a source of positive energy or a downer. 3.Develop an optimistic outlook that allows you to deal with challenging situations productively. 4.Give yourself a daily pep talk and enjoy your life. 5.Build and maintain strong personal and professional support systems. 6.Avoid negative people.

39. Effective time managers… Set goals Effective scheduling of time is essential Keep a "to-do" list of some sort Prioritize to achieve desired results Avoid procrastination Manage interruptions; block out distractions (social media) Put up a "Do Not Disturb" sign when you absolutely have to get work done Understand that time management is a personal rather than a social issue

40. What Should the Standard Be? Routine use of a personal planner or schedule. Understanding of prioritization. Capacity to complete grade-level/age appropriate work independently. Work completion that is adequate, accurate, efficient, and effective. Self-responsibility for getting things done.

42. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Get out of bed at a routine time each day. 2.Do your own work. It is time for helicopter parents to allow you to fly solo. 3.Postpone unnecessary activities until important work is done. 4.Never miss assignments or fail to complete work. 5.Do not pull all-nighters. 6.Avoid multitasking. 7.Recognize when you can’t do it alone and seek outside resources and support to solve problems.

43. Do you have experience in team sports? Do you have experience in music/drama? Do you have a record of accepting criticism? Can you explain how you’ve gotten back up after being knocked down? Do you compete against others or yourself? Do you have a desire to be the best? Are you a team player?

44. What Should the Standard Be? Humility - the ability to change behavior and outlook. Unselfish motivation. Desire to get things done working with others. Willingness to give up control and work within a group. Faith in the abilities of the group or team. Coachability is a trait of the heart.

46. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Learn from the experiences of others. 2.Accept constructive criticism and use it to improve. 3.Willingly commit the time to improve knowledge and skills. 4.Master the power of deliberate, or deep practice. 5.Gain a variety of experiences in group activities, sports, and musical/arts endeavors.

47. Courtesy Open-mindedness Ability to listen Empathy Tolerance Patience Negotiation skills Leadership skills

48. What Should the Standard Be? Concern for others Sensitivity to diversity Talking effectively and empathizing accurately Self-awareness and self-management An ability to establish and maintain relationships Record of responsible decision making Record of responsible behavior

49. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Develop a network. Be social. 2.Work in teams and seek feedback on your effectiveness. 3.Learn to speak up when you think you have been wronged. 4.Listen to other people and react to how they feel. 5.Express your thoughts and feelings coherently. 6.Accept criticism and strive for improvement.

50. What will others say about you? If others hesitate to respond, consider why. Define it for yourself. Those with common sense navigate daily trials and tribulations without being sidetracked by fantasies. People with common sense are usually popular.

51. What Should the Standard Be? Ability to perceive, understand, and judge things which are shared by nearly all people. Behavior that is reasonably expected of nearly all people without any need for debate. Skills to distinguish characteristics which are common to all things. Possession of a sensibility shared by all.

53. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? 1.Learn things that are basic common sense ( cooking, nutrition, health, dangers in surroundings, resourcefulness, thinking for yourself, planning ). 2.Make personal judgments based on common knowledge and established facts. 3.Don’t talk about others behind their backs. 4.Take good care of your body. 5.Avoid getting angry at an irrational person.

54. Not all conflict is bad. Conflict management/peer mediation can be learned. What do friends say about your ability to handle conflict? Do you share easily and willingly? How do you react to stinging criticism? From peers, teachers, parents? Can you mint social currency?

55. What Should the Standard Be? Distinction between the problem and the person Straightforward and concrete communication with those in conflict Ability to look at conflict from the outside Understanding of needs and interests that lie behind concrete positions Work to improve relationships in a positive direction

57. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Enroll in a conflict mediation program to learn skills. Don’t allow conflicts to fester. Manage your emotions to resolve conflict successfully. Realize that conflicts are an opportunity for growth. When you’re able to resolve conflict in a relationship, it builds trust. You can feel secure knowing your relationship can survive challenges and disagreements.

58. What could you extemporaneously explain about? The location of the 13 English/American colonies? The Renaissance Civil War Politics World War I and II Key World Inventions American Court Cases Impacting Education Science Advancements 1492, 1620; 1776; 1812; 1861; 1945; 2001

59. What Should the Standard Be? 1.Understanding and knowledge about how to analyze chronological relationships and patterns 2.Understanding of differing historical perspectives 3.Knowledge of causes and effects of history 4.Knowledge of world geography 5.Awareness of key individuals in history. 6.Basic historical study and readings Jaywalking (Jay Leno) and more

61. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Conduct independent historical research Memorize key descriptors of historical periods Develop historical timelines Understand how the study of the past that affects today Learn local community history Learn how ideas influence society Learn roles of individuals in history

62. To be successful, you need to constantly stay informed about what is going on in the world Know about business, politics; sports, arts, medicine, travel, popular culture, world events Synthesize information from a variety of media outlets Learn to spot trends Watch news reports, read books and the newspaper, review trusted websites, talk with informed people

63. What Should the Standard Be? Demonstrate knowledge of national and international figures in the news over the past year. Describe the context for the main national and international news stories of the past year Identify and describe major ongoing national and international issues Maintain a broad knowledge of contemporary topics: politics, business, education, sports, arts, etc.

65. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Watch the news - really watch it and engage in discussion with others Read the newspaper and listen to the radio Subscribe to education publications and specific interest journals Maintain a balance of reliable informative sources and points of view Use technology to stay current with vital information

66. Many teachers invest personal time outside school planning lessons and grading papers Millennials hold different work expectations than babyboomers (the most veteran teachers) How do you spend leisure time? Couch potatoes do not make effective teachers What are your interests? hobbies? travel? Do you meditate?

67. What Should the Standard Be? All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy Teachers need strong support systems outside school It is not unprofessional to have a personal life Teaching is not a profession for a perfectionist Take care of yourself - exercise, eat a balanced diet, get plenty of rest, and maintain a supportive group of friends.

68. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Develop a balanced schedule of classes, work, and personal time Student school commitments require homework time Avoid procrastination and multitasking Regularly plan social events and activities outside school (and those you work with) Don’t waste time on activities that provide little return Learn to manage stress Don’t over commit; allow time for SCHOOL & WORK

69. Is mystique a good thing? Is it all about mystery? Is it a sign of depth? Is there a feminine and/or male mystique? Must you conform to society's expectations? Mystique means that people are attracted to you for reasons they can't fully explain and that they see things in you they do not comprehend

70. What Should the Standard Be? Mysticism is derived from a Greek word meaning to conceal; there are some aspects of personal life and belief teachers should not share Teachers need to establish a professional line that students/parents do not cross Mystique stereotypes (ex. men teaching preschool) need to be eliminated Teacher mystique is all about creating an aura of heightened value, interest, or meaning surrounding something - YOU!

71. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Develop charisma -- a (1) compelling attractiveness or charm that can inspire devotion in others, (2) a divinely conferred power or talent Avoid overexposure on social media; maintain some reserve Observe the aura of mystery or mystical power surrounding effective teachers Interview effective teachers about their mystique Make obvious connections between an effective teacher’s role and professionalism

72. Multitasking is a myth Multitaskers are prone to mistakes Laws are being enacted to curb multitasking How long is your attention span? Are you ruining your life with a smart phone? Many people do stupid things on the Internet

73. What Should the Standard Be? The brain is complex and can perform a myriad of tasks, but it cannot multitask well Structure teaching to allow for both active and passive switches of the brain Teachers who appear to be good multitaskers are organized, well planned, and experienced Teachers who appear to be good multitaskers are skilled classroom managers who differentiate instruction

74. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Recognize that multitasking will wear you down Learn when to multitask and when to avoid it - rest Limit time and usage of technology when studying Master personal organization skills Observe how master teachers deal with individual students with numerous needs Study the concept of active and passive switches Understand synchronous work v. multitasking

75. Vocabulary helps you understand people Vocabulary helps you understand what you read Vocabulary increases the ability to grasp ideas and think logically Vocabulary makes you a more informed and involved citizen Vocabulary allows you to communicate effectively Vocabulary boosts your powers of persuasion Vocabulary creates an impression of intelligence

76. There are Four Types of Vocabulary Reading vocabulary Listening vocabulary Speaking vocabulary Writing vocabulary

77. What Should the Standard Be? A college-level adult may know at least 20,000 words in their primary language Master vocabulary for chosen content area in accordance with Common Core Standards Regularly increase vocabulary building through practice and play All teachers must teach vocabulary words and vocabulary acquisition skills

78. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Knowing a word, however, is not as simple as simply being able to recognize or use it. There are several aspects of word knowledge which are used to measure word knowledge. Learn educational terms, teacher jargon, and acronyms. Review website: 100 Words Every High School Graduate Should Know100 Words Every High School Graduate Should Know Focus on spelling skills

79. This question is not meant to address whether or not you connected to mobile networks The most lucrative job market might be elsewhere Are you tied to a specific geographic area? Do you have interests in expanding options in your career in education? Do you have narrow or broad horizons?

80. What Should the Standard Be? This varies with each individual Each teacher (and those aspiring) must establish a radius within which they are willing to accept a teaching position Don’t waste your time and those of interviewers if you would never accept a position if one were offered because it would require you to relocate A record of mobility might imply negative issues about a teacher’s employment record

81. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Determine the area in which you want to teach Review needs and hiring practices in preferred areas Acquire certifications/licensure that makes you most employable Learn the key influence makers (kingpins) in preferred employment region Make yourself visible to future employers/references within that radius Determine whether you can afford to relocate and meet living expenses in selected areas

82. Committed teachers hard work, each day, all year Committed teachers read each day Committed teachers show up at work even when they don’t feel well Committed teachers live the example they want their students to become Committed teachers willingly reach into their own pocket to help those in need Committed teachers are all about serving others

83. What Should the Standard Be? Commitment means feeling dedication and loyalty to a cause, activity, or profession To commit means willingness to be put in charge; to entrust Making a commitment to teaching must be grounded in reality Commitment requires obligation that restricts freedom of action A commitment is an agreement or pledge to do something in the future

84. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Honor commitments made to family, friends, and school Strive to acquire a reputation of faithfulness, reliability, trustworthiness, dependability Commit to the tenets of the education profession Work 24-7 to acquire the personal characteristics of effective teachers Strive to be more than a purveyor of facts; model how to be a critical thinker Do what you say you will do when you say you will do it

85. Grit = courage and resolve; strength of character Bravery, backbone, spirit, strength of character, strength of will, moral fiber, steel, nerve, toughness Growing research heralds grit as a key component to a student's success in college Gritty people succeed through deliberate practice to acquire skills Everyone sometime should encounter frustration and failure and learn from the experience

86. What Should the Standard Be? What teachers know and do with noncognitive competencies, known as grit, is just as important, if not more so, in teaching to the cognitive domain “Overcoming" by developing non-cognitive skills does not discriminate by class Failure must be seen as a learning opportunity Everyone is not always a winner Teacher are hired for attitudes, trained for skills No Pain, No Gain

87. Discussion Topic Because the lower-class often deviates from middle-class culture and values, the education gap persists. Middle class parents are more likely to teach their children grit. Those in the lower-class often feel victimized or entitled. QUESTION: Must it be a priority and a responsibility of teachers to change the culture/values of lower-class (or any class) students, to help them overcome, perhaps by teaching grit-related skills?

88. Good character always trumps a good caricature. A caricature is an image that shows the features of its subject in a simplified or exaggerated way

89. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Read the emerging literature about grit Recommendation: How Children Succeed: Grit, Curiosity, and the Hidden Power of Character. Paul Tough (2012), New York: Houghton-Mifflin HarcourtPaul Tough Acquire a core set of attributes that define your very essence Learn from mistakes; Break bad habits Read The Power of Habit. Charles Duhigg. (2012). New York: Random HouseCharles Duhigg

90. Dressing for success (each day) has three main effects for teachers:  Maintain respect  Establish credibility  Establish yourself as an authority figure Consult your mentor regarding established dress expectations in your school Professionals are judged upon how well dressed they appear

91. What Should the Standard Be? Clean, well-laundered clothing Professional attire is midway between casual and formal wear Professional attire is modest; avoid exposing too much skin Professional attire generally consists of a darker colors, such as black, navy blue, and some shades of gray. Brighter colors can be used sparingly as accessories, such as handkerchiefs, scarves, and neckties

92. Unprofessional Dress Would Include T-shirts T-shirts with inappropriate messages T-shirts intended to be underwear Tank tops Spaghetti strap tops, tube tops Sheer tops (and dresses) Low cut tops or clothing that reveals the midriff Short shorts (mini skirts) Skirts with front slits

93. Unprofessional Dress Would Include Flip flops Sandals Beach clothing Athletic performance shoes/sneakers Clothes with holes (jeans) Sweat/wind shirt/hoodies Gym shorts/clothes Cargo pants Spandex Pajamas

94. Common Sense Prevails There are some policy exceptions for certain positions, functions, and circumstances!

95. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Acquire a professional wardrobe appropriate for school observations and clinicals Acquire clothes that should be ironed or dry-cleaned, it's probably acceptable professional attire Become comfortable wearing professional clothes Become aware of the concept of social signaling and the positive/negative messages you send to people by what you wear Don’t flaunt Observe, observe, observe

96. Leading a classroom is about influence There are five influential steps toward leading a classroom 1.Position (your training, credentials, and license) Students attend your class because they have to 2.Permission (building relationships, getting permission) Students attend your class because they want to 3. Production (attaining results) Students attend your class because they want to because they see results 4. Person Development (developing students for work) Students become your mentees, you prepare future teachers (et. al.) 5. Personhood (the pinnacle point of your career) Students come back to your class to seek your counsel and advice

97. What Should the Standard Be? Teaching is about influence and how to wield it Influence is the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of someone or something The act of building relationships is an essential skill Teachers need a career map to continuously grow Teachers continuously work with students (and others) at all stages of influence & development

98. To be persuasive, a teacher must be believable… To be believable, a teacher must be credible… To be credible, a teacher must be truthful. Modified from Edward R. Murrow (1908-1965) CBS Journalist

99. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Read Leadership 101 by John Maxwell Talk with practicing teachers about how they build relationships Observe teachers at the college level; analyze their skills Learn areas/situations where teachers have 1.Direct Control 2. Influence 3. No Control

100. Grace is the harmonious integration of the body, mind, and spirit with the way of natural world Teachers with a sense of grace possess skills and strategies that produce powerful, cordial, and confident conduct in professional and social situations Grace skills include manners, professional etiquette, social kindness, and leadership protocol You must possess common sense to have a sense of grace A fall from grace means to lose favor; to be discredited

101. What Should the Standard Be? Effective teachers possess a healthy mind, body, and soul Teachers with a sense of grace bring honor to themselves and others and enhance the profession Teachers with a sense of grace can see who people (their students) are and what they can become Teachers with a sense of grace possess the capacity to forgive when they are wronged Teachers with a sense of grace possess abundant love

102. Amazing Grace inspiring hope in the wake of tragedy, America’s "spiritual national anthem" 1.Amazing grace! How sweet the sound that saved a wretch like me! I once was lost, but now am found; was blind, but now I see. 2.'Twas grace that taught my heart to fear, and grace my fears relieved; how precious did that grace appear the hour I first believed. 3.Through many dangers, toils, and snares, I have already come; 'tis grace hath brought me safe thus far, and grace will lead me home. Susan Boyle - Amazing Grace

103. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Acquire the social graces - attitude, manners, etiquette, and people skills - needed to work with the public Express feelings of thankfulness and appreciation freely Count your blessings; show your passion for your profession Learn to address and resolve grievances in a timely manner Learn to forgive and forget

104. You can get a job with minimal education You get a profession upon acquisition of critical thinking skills Those who view teaching as a job often dread their responsibilities Those who view teaching as a profession like challenges and desire to return to day after day An occupation (job) may require specialized training, but a profession normally requires specialized schooling Auto mechanic is an occupation, but teaching is a profession

105. What Should the Standard Be? Professionals acquire specialized training and act appropriately and effectively Professionals are willing to take risks Professionals view work in the long term; a job view is short term Jobs are compensated in wages/hours Professions are compensated in salary for job done regardless of hours Professions have high societal value

107. If you want to make a lot of money, you should be in business. If you are called to offer a personalized service (teaching), you should be in the education profession. If you want to avoid risk, seek a job with hourly rate of pay for your employment.

108. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Discern the pros and cons of dedicating your life to a job or the stressors of the teaching profession Learn and evaluate numerous aspects of what is means to be part of the teaching profession Professionals thrive within strong networks - begin to build yours now Seek work and work-related experience that support your development of professional skills rather than job skills Professionals go the extra mile and do tasks beyond your minimum job description - show initiative

109. With-It-Ness - being able to envision possible classroom and curriculum events Planning with an awareness of the objectives and the conditions Being aware of what is happening in a classroom at all times (eyes in the back of the head) When necessary, flexibility to respond with a change in pace, move about the room, and interact with students to redirect and refocus

110. “With-it-ness” is a term coined by researcher Jacob Kounin (1970)

111. What Should the Standard Be? Effective teachers… Monitor the classroom regularly Position themselves to see all students Continuously scan the room to keep track of what is going on, no matter what students are doing Occupy the entire room Notice potential problems Use a series of graduated actions Forecast problems

112. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Become aware of multiple senses: the random sounds in the classroom, the voices of students, smells, people walking past the classroom door—all while conducting a lesson Practice looking around classrooms - a teacher has with-it-ness seems to have x-ray vision Practice maintaining composure while dealing with the demands of several students at the same time Develop the ability to stop misconduct with a look Learn the “ripple effect” - correcting one student’s misbehavior while positively influencing the behavior of other nearby students

113. Studies at the University of Arkansas suggest that constant cell phone use is an obsessive-compulsive disorder rather than an addiction. Signs of abnormal cell phone use may include some of the following symptoms: 1. Experience anxiety when phone is misplaced. 2. Feel uncomfortable if more than two hours pass without checking phone. 3. Experience extreme emotions when a cell phone connection is lost. 4. Initiate and/or answer calls and text messages while driving. 5. Check phone for messages upon waking 6. Sleep next to phone that is on and wake up to return late night texts 7. Answer cell phone while in an intimate embrace with a loved one.

114. What Should the Standard Be? Use a cell phone in private places (not in a public restroom, restaurant, class, church, etc.) At work, show respect for your co-workers, boss, and ability to get your work done. Follow policies and guidelines. Never look at a cell phone while teaching, attending a class or meetings, driving, etc. Embrace cell phones only as a legitimate tool for learning.

118. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? If you recognize that you have an unhealthy dependence on a cell phone, consciously modify behaviors. Extreme cases require professional treatment. Train yourself to check for cell phone messages during appropriate times. Engage in face-to-face conversations more than texting, social media, talking on a phone, etc. Show respect for others’ time and professional position. Limit the hours using a cell phone. Engage in more productive pursuits.

119. Follow Coach Pitino’s Advice Establish focus as a discipline in everything you do: planning, strategy, priorities, and career advancement. Discover the true key to success - Humility - not ambition, not wealth, not power. Use technology wisely. Don't let it replace personal connection with the people you work and live with. Own up to your problems, tell the truth and they will become part of your past. Lie and they become part of your future. Make small changes and add value to every minute of your life. Rick Pitino, Head Basketball Coach University of Louisville

120. Motivation is literally the desire to do things. Extrinsic motivation - Rewards for a desired positive behavior (i.e. money or grades), and the threat of punishment following misbehavior. Intrinsic motivation - driven by a desire to do well or enjoyment for a task. Social psychological research has shown that extrinsic rewards can lead to overjustification and a subsequent reduction in intrinsic motivation. The self-control aspect of motivation is increasingly considered to be a subset of emotional intelligence.

121. What Should the Standard Be? Teachers should understand how to best utilize incentive theory promoted by behavioral psychologists such as B.F. Skinner, content theory of human motivation, such as Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, and Herzberg's two-factor theory. Maslow's theory is one of the most widely discussed theories of motivation. Teachers must possess self-determination to make good choices and exercise a high degree of control. The right amount of sleep enables individuals to keep their motivation.

122. Maslow’s Theory of Motivation

123. B.F. Skinner’s Principle of Reinforcement

124. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Motivating ourselves with external rewards (the carrot and stick approach) is misleading. Develop your sense of intrinsic motivation - most teachers are not motivated by the mere need for money. Discover your purpose for teaching. Understand the differences in how generations view the workforce and professional motivators. Develop mastery of basic content and skills. Develop a sense of individual autonomy, the capacity to be your own person and live life according to your own terms.

125. Curiosity is an important trait of teachers. Curiosity positively correlates with intelligence. Curiosity makes your mind active rather than passive and observant of new ideas. Curiosity opens up new worlds and possibilities and brings excitement into your life. Curiosity impacts health, intelligence, social relationships, happiness, and purpose for life. It is a miracle that curiosity survives formal education. Albert Einstein

126. What Should the Standard Be? Ask questions every day Build knowledge Keep an open mind - learn, unlearn, and relearn View learning as being fun so that you naturally want to know more. Avoid skimming the surface. Never take things for granted. Dig deep. Our pursuit of happiness needs some elements of surprise.

128. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? What, why, when, who, where, and how should be well worn words of every curious pre-service teacher. Avoid making blind assumptions. Investigate for yourself. Avoid boredom, allow curiosity to create an adventurous life. If bored, make changes. Drive a different route to school or work. Create change. Never lose your inner child. Absorb the world around you.

129. Get 6-8 hours of sleep Eat a balanced diet Exercise regularly Maintain healthy body weight Develop good habits (prudence, persistence, and organization) Keep stress levels in check Stay connected in a positive social network Feed your mind, body, and soul

130. What Should the Standard Be? Teachers must always be at the top of their game. Teaching requires stamina. You can’t help others if you first don’t take care of yourself. Follow the airline’s flight safety guideline: If you are traveling with children, or are seated next to someone who needs assistance, place the oxygen mask on yourself first, then offer assistance.

131. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Maintain regular checkups with your doctor Aim for a healthy body weight and body mass index Train your body’s clock with regular sleep habits Avoid fast foods and unhealthy eating habits, binges Don’t smoke or take drugs Limit intake of alcohol Avoid unsafe sexual encounters Deal effectively with stress, emotions, and mental health Accept the things you cannot change

132. Teachers must be role models for how to live a decent, productive life in a democratic society. As role models, teachers must commit to a life of higher standards. Role models have influence. They must lead effectively. Role models clearly communicate expectations Role models reflect upon their individual acts, encourage teamwork and cooperation, support others in their growth and development. Teacher role models demonstrate confidence in themselves.

133. What Should the Standard Be? Teacher/role models must always… display kindness be encouraging display etiquette and good manners make good choices show generosity share with others honor commitments develop appropriate, productive relationships

135. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Show passion for your learning/work. Your passion should be infectious. Live your values. Become active in your community/school/work. Develop skills and abilities necessary to overcome obstacles. Become a hero to someone (young relative neighbor, student). Never lose sight of where you came from and how you got where you are. Share your story to help/inspire others.

136. Everyone feels nervous from time to time in front of a crowd, but for some, it is very scary, even debilitating. The clinical term for stage fright is performance anxiety. Teaching is a performance. Performance anxiety includes public speaking and competing in front of others. Severe performance anxiety can mar delivery of a lesson. The good news, performance does improve with excitement (adrenaline flow).

138. What Should the Standard Be? A little stage fright can be a good thing. Continuously work to improve speaking or performance skills. Learn skills that reduce and manage fear and anxiety. Eliminate distracters (the tendency to rock, sway, wave your arms, move pointlessly around, or use verbal graffiti). Avoid using medication or natural products to alleviate nervousness. Develop mindfulness, a state of active, open attention on the present (with-it-ness).

139. Tips for Reducing Stage Fright Shift the focus from yourself and your fear to your true purpose—teaching. Avoid thoughts about what might go wrong. Focus on thoughts and images that are calming and reassuring. Refuse to think thoughts that create self-doubt and low confidence. Calm and relax your mind and body with deep breathing, relaxation exercises, yoga, and meditation. Exercise, eat well, and practice other healthful lifestyle habits. Limit caffeine, sugar, and alcohol as much as possible. Visualize your success. Always focus on your strength and ability to handle challenging situations. Prepare your lesson in advance and rehearse it aloud to hear your voice. Make connections with your students. Smile. Stand or sit in a self-assured, confident posture. Remain warm and open and make eye contact. Give up trying to be perfect and know that it is OK to make mistakes. Be natural, be yourself.

140. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Practice public speaking at every available opportunity. Seek feedback from a critical friend Self-critique public speaking in college classes. Create time to practice social skills. Force yourself to speak in uncomfortable situations. Stop self-labeling yourself as a shy person. Develop a desire to change. Overcoming shyness requires acquisition of skills, an attitude, and a state of mind, all of which can be learned.

141. By knowing precisely what you want to achieve, you know where you have to concentrate your efforts. Follow the acronym LEAD L - Learn to assess strengths and weakness analyze, assess, plan, and then put a plan into action E - Evidence - demonstrate what you learn A - Attitude - make choices that demonstrate a positive work ethic and good character D - Decisions - continuously show evidence of good decision making leading to the goal

142. What Should the Standard Be? Continuously clarify what you want to achieve in multiple areas Use the LEAD acronym to set goals for: Education Career Finance Family Health Pleasure Service

144. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Brainstorm goals with friends and colleagues Make goals more powerful by using the LEAD process and the SMART mnemonic. S – Specific (or Significant). M – Measurable (or Meaningful). A – Attainable (or Action-Oriented). R – Relevant (or Rewarding). T – Time-bound (or Trackable). Set goals to help separate what's important from what's irrelevant, or a distraction

145. As a generation, Millennials have been labeled and characterized by the response, “Yeah, but.” Excuse makers are often procrastinators. Excuse makers don’t understand priorities. Excuse makers are quick to place blame on others. Excuse makers fail to learn from their mistakes and from those of others. Excuse makers don’t take care of themselves. Excuse makers are always tired. Effective teachers don’t make or accept excuses.

146. What Should the Standard Be? Acknowledge the problem, face the facts Don’t allow others to take advantage of you Create a positive mindset Stop complaining Don’t celebrate a problem, instead create solutions Gain support from a professional network Don’t rationalization to avoid admitting disappointment, mistakes, and failure

148. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Use the library - never make an excuse for not having Internet or email access or an available printer. See a physician if you are depressed or ill. Take care of yourself. Develop a buddy system to complete goals (network). You'll be happier and healthier if you opt for honesty, integrity and confidence instead of finding excuses for yourself or blaming others. Avoid over rationalization which can become an informal fallacy of reasoning.

149. Teachers with darting eyes or who look over the heads of students show uncertainty or self-centeredness. People are keeping their eyes glued to their computers and phones rather than making effective eye contact. Eye contact can communicate respect, interest, appreciation, understanding. Students want and need eye contact from their teacher. In every class, make eye contact with each student for 3-5 seconds.

150. What Should the Standard Be? Making eye contact when speaking must be a natural action Eyes enhance conversations and deliver words more effectively Good eye contact must be recognized as a critical social and non-verbal communication skill for teachers Eye contact is a teacher’s most important communication tool

151. Neuro-linguistic Programming (NLP) reverse for left-handed people Up and to the right - remembering a picture image Up and to the left - constructing a visual image To the right - remembering sounds or conversations To the left - constructing sounds or conversations Down and to the right - experiencing an internal dialogue Down and to the left - accessing kinesthetic feelings, tastes and smells

152. The Eyes Speak Volumes Pupils get bigger when people are aroused, interested, or receptive. That can be positive feedback for teachers. According to training experts, when people look up and to the right, they’re probably lying; if they look up and to the left they’re telling the truth. When people are lying they actually engage in more eye contact. People normally blink between eight and 21 blinks per minute at rest, more when under stress. People narrow their eyes in response to something they find disgusting or distasteful. Arched eyebrows convey positive emotions. Wide open eyes without a smile come across as fear. Boredom is communicated by drooping eyelids.

153. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Practice making eye contact with yourself in a mirror, focusing for 3-5 seconds (to realize how long it is). Look people in the eye when they’re talking to you to avoid seeming aloof, disinterested, or confused. Perfect the people skill of knowing when to lock eyes and when to look away. When talking to a group of people, focus on direct contact with your listeners. Seek out feedback from a critical friend. Maintain eye contact with every professor and class speaker.

154. Fixed Mindset (a desire to look smart and just get by) Growth Mindset (a desire to learn and grow) Challengesavoid themembrace them Obstaclesgive up easilypersist with grit Effortfruitlessthe path to mastery Criticismignore, even if usefullearn from it Success of Othersfeel threatened by itbecome inspired by it From the work of Carol S. Dweck Mindset: The New Psychology of Success, 2006

155. What Should the Standard Be?

156. Influences of a Mindset Growth Mindset Performance quality is indicative of work habits, preparation, training, and past and current effort Lack of effort and insufficient practice equates to poor performance, not ability Hard work pays off Produces optimism Adapted from the work of Carol Dweck Fixed Mindset Performance quality is indicative of inherent traits (bad grade, not smart; can’t sing, no talent) IQ level and perceived abilities equate to performance, not effort Talent and perception matter Consumes capacity to take risks and face challenges

157. What Will Your Mindset Be as a Teacher?

158. Fixed v. Growth Mindset Teachers Fixed Mindset Students have permanent traits and my job is to judge/evaluate them ************************* Lavish praise in hopes of encouraging confidence and achievement and boosting self-esteem Growth Mindset Students are in differing developmental stages and my job is to nurture and guide that development, whatever it takes ************************* Use constructive criticism (based on trust) to promote effort and growth

159. What should a preservice teacher be doing now? Engage in vision indulging… imagining the future you would like to achieve. Allow time to focus and prepare a growth mindset before every class every day. Pair up with an inspirational friend who has a growth mindset. Develop a vocabulary of grit words that others say describe you (ex. moxie, spunk, ambitious, zest/zeal, pluck, fortitude, diligent, tenacity, hard worker, resolve). Practice gratitude every day.

160. The evolution and survival of our species is dependent upon humans’ ability to work together The human brain connects the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland. Mother nature equipped the human body with four primary chemicals to help us survive and thrive: 1.Endorphin (runner’s high) 2.Dopamine (instant gratification; accomplishment) 3.Serotonin (feeling of pride) 4.Oxytocin (friendship, love, trust)

161. What Should the Standard Be? Teachers must understand how bodily chemicals interplay with each other and influence human feelings. Teachers must create safe classroom environments where students’ release of chemicals will be balanced.