1. The Science of Life
Biology
bio = living or life
-logy = the study of

2. Characteristics of Life
Cells
All living things are composed of cells.
Organization
All living things are highly organized
At the molecular and cellular level
From atoms to organisms
Energy Use
All living things use energy in a process called metabolism.
Sum of all the chemical processes that occur in the organism

3. Characteristics of Life
Homeostasis
All livings maintain stable internal conditions.
Example: water balance, temperature
Growth
All living things grow, as do many nonliving things.
Some nonliving things, like rock crystals, grow by accumulating more of the materials they are made of.
Living things grow by cell enlargement and cell division.

4. Characteristics of Life
Reproduction
All species of organisms have the ability to reproduce.
Change Through Time
Populations of living organisms evolve through time
Importance: without change a specie is prone to becoming extinct.

5. Biology- Classification
Three Domains of Life
Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
Six Kingdoms
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Protista
Fungi
Plantae
Animalia

6. Scientific Method Observation (Identify a problem)
Research the problem
Form a hypothesis

7. Scientific Method (3) Hypothesizing (4) Predicting
(a) Hypothesis is a suggested explanation for what has been seen and recorded, it explains your observations and can be tested.
(b) Very important step
(4) Predicting
* To test a hypothesis, scientists make a prediction that logically follows from the hypothesis.
*A prediction is a statement made in advance that states the results that will be obtained from testing a hypothesis, if the hypothesis is supported.
*Most often takes the form of an “if-then” statement.

8. Scientific Method (5) Experimenting
(a) the process of testing a hypothesis or prediction by gathering data under controlled conditions.
(b) Controlled experiment
* based on a comparison of a control group with an experimental group
the control group and the experimental group are designed to be identical except for one factor.

9. Scientific Method  Independent variable is the one factor.
+ horizontal (X) axis
 Dependent variable is measured or observed in both control and experimental groups. Dependent because it is driven by or results from the independent variable.
+vertical (Y) axis
(c) Analyzing Data
(6) Drawing conclusions
(a) Modeling- Visual, verbal, or mathematical
(b) Inferring- a conclusion made on the basis of facts or premises rather than on direct observations.

10. Scientific Method
(c) Forming a Theory- a broad and comprehensive statement of what is thought to be true. Supported by considerable evidence and may tie together several related hypotheses.