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Chemical Reactions and Equations

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Presentation on theme: "Chemical Reactions and Equations"— Presentation transcript:

1 Chemical Reactions and Equations

2 Definition A chemical reaction is the process by which one or more substances change into one or more new substances whose chemical and physical properties differ from those of the original substances.

3 Writing a Chemical Reaction
Reactants are the elements or compounds you begin with Products are the elements or compounds you end with Reactants Products “yield”

4 Numbers H+1 P-3 H2O C6H12O6 2NaCl 5H2O
Superscripts show the charge of an ion Subscripts show the # of atoms in a compound Coefficients show the # of molecules H P-3 H2O C6H12O6 2NaCl 5H2O

5 Fill in the Blanks Yields Reactants Product Subscript Coefficient

6 Symbols

7 Symbols (cont.)

8 Symbols (cont.)

9 Signs of a Chemical Change
A solid precipitate is formed A gas is produced

10 Signs of a Chemical Change
Color Change Temperature Change

11 Types of Chemical Reactions
Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement Combustion

12 Synthesis A synthesis reaction starts with two or more reactants and ends up with one product.

13 Magnesium + Oxygen  Magnesium oxide
Synthesis Magnesium + Oxygen  Magnesium oxide 2Mg + O2  2MgO

14 Sodium + Chlorine gas  Salt
Synthesis Sodium + Chlorine gas  Salt 2Na + Cl2  2NaCl

15 Decomposition A decomposition reaction starts with one reactant and ends up with two or more products.

16 Decomposition Calcium carbonate decomposes to produce calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. CaCO3  CaO + CO2

17 Single Replacement A single-replacement reaction starts with two reactants and ends up with two products. An element takes the place of another element that’s in a compound.

18 Single Replacement 2Al + 3CuCl2  3Cu + 2AlCl3
Aluminum foil is placed in a solution of copper II chloride which produces copper metal and aluminum chloride solution. 2Al + 3CuCl2  3Cu + 2AlCl3

19 Double Replacement A double-replacement reaction starts with two reactants and ends up with two products. In this case both reactants and products are compounds. They simply change partners.

20 Double Replacement 2NaCl + Pb(NO3)2  2NaNO3 + PbCl2
A solution of sodium chloride is mixed with a solution of lead nitrate resulting in the production of sodium nitrate and lead chloride. 2NaCl + Pb(NO3)2  2NaNO3 + PbCl2

21 Combustion A combustion reaction always involves a hydrocarbon and oxygen as reactants and ends up with carbon dioxide and water as products.

22 What type of reaction is this?
2H2O  2H2 + O2 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

23 What type of reaction is this?
4P + 5O2  P4O10 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

24 What type of reaction is this?
2MgO  2Mg + O2 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

25 What type of reaction is this?
BaCl2 + H2S  BaS + 2HCl Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

26 What type of reaction is this?
2Al2O3  4Al + 3O2 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

27 What type of reaction is this?
Cl2 + 2NaBr  Br2 + 2NaCl Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

28 What type of reaction is this?
3H2 + N2  2NH3 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

29 What type of reaction is this?
CaCl2 + 2KBr  2KCl + CaBr2 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

30 What type of reaction is this?
H2O + MgO  Mg(OH)2 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

31 What type of reaction is this?
2NH4CO3  2NH3 + H2O + CO2 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

32 What type of reaction is this?
Cu + AgNO3  Ag + CuNO3 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

33 What type of reaction is this?
2Al + 3CuCl2  3Cu + 2AlCl3 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

34 What type of reaction is this?
C + 2H2  CH4 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

35 What type of reaction is this?
3NiO + 2Li3P  3Li2O + Ni3P2 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

36 What type of reaction is this?
CuCl2 + H2S  2HCl + CuS Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

37 What type of reaction is this?
2H3PO4  3H2O + P2O5 Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement

38 What type of reaction is this?
2Na + FeO  Fe + Na2O Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement Double Replacement


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