1. The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century Energy Efficiency – the shale gas of Europe Randall Bowie European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy eceee Joint Committee Meeting European Parliament - National Parliaments 17 December 2013, European Parliament, Brussels

2. What are the problems? A problem of rising energy prices A fear of worsening competitiveness A problem of dangerous climate change A problem with high unemployment A problem to ensure citizens' health & welfare 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 2

3. Ways to solve the problems A need to reduce energy costs (≠ price): efficiency A need to consider what competitiveness really is A need to reduce GHGs & address climate change A need to ensure economic growth & investment A need to increase productivity of labour & capital A need to reduce pollution, improve health-comfort 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 3

4. Tools to solve the problems Completion of the internal energy market (IEM) Start by completing the IEM for energy efficiency Sun, wind, geothermal & tidal are our near future; shale gas not viable in most of EU, nor necessary “Unconventional fuels” still fossil fuels, with GHG Innovation, resource efficiency, “front-runners” & high quality best, not competing with low prices 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 4

5. Completing the internal energy market Respect principle of trias energetica by first reducing energy demand with savings, then RES Develop capacity markets, tariff structures, demand response, storage, for intermittent RES All RES, large & small needed: interconnectors & distributed/local generation both required Buildings (40%) part of our infrastructure, like grids 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 5

6. EU standardisation work: critical & global EU standardisation, a prerequisite for the internal market EU standards are being used more & more outside the EU Standards energy-using products, min. perf., CE-marking, essential reqmts., RES, measurement methods, safety, health, fire resistance, sustainability, etc. European Norms (ENs) become ISO (global) standards EN ISO 50001 (Energy management schemes - EMS) pr EN 16247-1 (Energy audits); promoted in Energy Efficiency Directive Article on Audits & EMS The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century

7. Why more EU regulation & harmonisation? Single market: harmonisation; no trade barriers; no dominate players; economies of scale, demand loci; Traded, competitive, energy-efficient goods & services, certification, mutual recognition, educat. & training; EU co-financing key Best practice, R & D, information shared; SME support Co-operation not same as collusion (EU comp. laws) Long-term regulatory framework, goals promote investmnt Binding targets (energy efficiency, RES, GHG) = flexibility The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century

8. A closer look at energy efficiency Existing cost-effective energy-efficient, technolo- gies can cut EU energy consumption by 41% 2030¹ Energy consumption in EU residential bldgs can be cut by 61%, industry by 26%, transport by 41% 2030 By 2050, EU bldg stock can save 80%² of its energy consumption by increasing renovation rate from 1% to 3%/year; with “deep”renovations of factor 5 ¹Fraunhofer, ² Ecofys 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 8

9. The Multiple benefits of energy efficiency 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 9

10. ENERGY SAVINGS – OUR FIRST FUEL 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 10

11. Denmark: 2013 Assessment Green taxes Economic effects of green taxes tracked by different indicators Calculations show total production in private sector not influenced by green taxes with no significant influence on employment, private consumption or balance of payments. 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 11

12. The Danish Case Clean energy technology sales are 3% of GDP - highest in the world. Though small, Denmark is home to large clean tech companies, such as Danfoss, Vestas, Grundfos, Novozymes, Rockwool, Siemens Wind Power, & Velux, & suppliers & consultants for green tech. Energy technology represents 10% of total Danish exports of goods, with green energy technologies constituting the largest share. The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 17 December 2013 4

13. Denmark: 2013 Impact of Green taxes 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 13

14. Let’s review the solutions The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 17 December 2013 4 EU energy import dependency

15. Savings potential high in iron/steel industry 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 15

16. Savings potential high in cement industry 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 16

17. Savings potential high in chemical industry 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 17

18. Energy price gap closed by cost cuts 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 18

19. Some conclusions The EU internal energy market needs to address problems with investments in energy efficiency and renewable energy to ensure competitiveness Green, low-carbon jobs & growth should be EU priority, otherwise they will develop elsewhere EU can & should be a “front runner” & leader Energy efficiency & binding energy savings target should be a first key element in completing IEM 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 19

20. Putting it all into perspective: it is up to us 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 20 Juno probe observes Earth-Moon dance at a distance of 1Mkm as it is sling-shot towards Jupiter

21. 17 December 2013 The EU Internal Energy Market for the 21st Century 21 Thank you for your attention.