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2. Dark Ages 1100 BC- 750 BC Forget written language Did not trade or grow surplus People leave mainland—move to islands and Asia Minor—spread culture

3. Dorian's Move south to Peloponnesus Brought Iron weapons—stronger and cheaper than bronze

4. Times get better Increase in trade Form Greek alphabet much simpler way of writing and understanding

5. Population Increase 700 BC Could not feed everyone—send people to form colonies Spread to Italy, France, and Western Asia – Send supplies back and forth – Mint coins to improve trade – Certain area specialize to meet increasing demand

6. City-States Called Polis in Greece Tiny independent country Safe place and temple called Acropolis Open area below Acropolis called Agora Polis—vary in size and population – 300,000 live in Athens in 500 BC

7. Citizenship Greek develop Treat each as equals and have rights and responsibilities Free, native born, and own land – Could be citizens

8. Athens Drop land requirements Slaves and foreign residents cannot vote Women and children can vote—not all rights Hoplites soldiers citizen soldiers – Carry shield, swords, spears – Walk close together – Very powerful