1. Introduction to San Bernardino County Fire Department’s Urban Search & Rescue Program

2. Urban Search and Rescue Urban Search and Rescue (also known as US&R or Technical Rescue) Defined: Incidents where specialized training and equipment are required to mitigate technical rescue operations in the safest and most efficient manner possible. Incidents where specialized training and equipment are required to mitigate technical rescue operations in the safest and most efficient manner possible.

3. US&R Incidents Acts of Terrorism Acts of Terrorism Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD)Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) ChemicalChemical BiologicalBiological RadiologicalRadiological NuclearNuclear ExplosiveExplosive (CBRNE)(CBRNE) Natural Disasters Earthquakes Floods Hurricanes Tornados Avalanches Land Slides

4. US&R Incidents (continued) Mass Transportation Accidents Mass Transportation Accidents Accidental Explosions Accidental Explosions Construction Failures Construction Failures Swift Water/Flood Incidents Trench/Excavation Collapse Incidents Confined Space Incidents Technical Rope Rescue

5. EARTHQUAKES

6. RAIN & FLOODS

7. Swiftwater Rescue Incidents

8. HURRICANES

9. TORNADOES

10. TRENCH & LANDSLIDES

11. AVALANCHES

12. ACTS of TERRORISM

13. TRANSPORTATION ACCIDENTS

14. CONFINED SPACE INCIDENTS

15. US&R Resource Types Response to US&R incidents is accomplished in a tiered fashion drawing from a variety of resources. US&R resources are categorized or “Typed” by their capability. Let’s look at some examples….

16. US&R Resource Types US&R Companies: US&R Companies: –Trained personnel, equipment, and transportation (3 – 6 personnel). US&R Crews: US&R Crews: –Trained personnel that respond without equipment (3 – 6 personnel). »Augment or supplant US&R Companies. US&R Companies and Crews operate at one of the following response capabilities: US&R Companies and Crews operate at one of the following response capabilities: –Basic, Light, Medium, or Heavy

17. US&R Type 4 (Basic) Operational Level Type 4 (Basic) Operational Level represents the minimum capability to conduct safe and effective search and rescue operations at: Type 4 (Basic) Operational Level represents the minimum capability to conduct safe and effective search and rescue operations at: –Incidents involving non-structural entrapment in non-collapsed structures

18. Type 4 (Basic) Capabilities Required

19. Type 4 (Basic) Level Equipment

20. US&R Type 3 (Light) Operational Level Type 3 (Light) Operational Level represents the minimum capability to conduct safe and effective search and rescue operations at: Type 3 (Light) Operational Level represents the minimum capability to conduct safe and effective search and rescue operations at: –Structure collapse incidents involving the collapse and failure of Light Frame Construction and low angle and vertical rope rescue

21. Type 3 (Light) Capabilities Required

22. Type 3 (Light) Level Equipment

23. US&R Type 2 (Medium) Operational Level Type 2 (Medium) Operational Level represents the minimum capability to conduct safe and effective search and rescue operations at: Type 2 (Medium) Operational Level represents the minimum capability to conduct safe and effective search and rescue operations at: –Structure collapse incidents involving the collapse and failure of Heavy Wall construction, high angle rope rescue (excluding highline systems), confined space rescue (no permit required), and trench and excavation rescue

24. Type 2 (Medium) Capabilities Required

25. Type 2 (Medium) Level Equipment

26. US&R Type 1 (Heavy) Operational Level Type 1 (Heavy) Operational Level represents the minimum capability to conduct safe and effective search and rescue operations at: Type 1 (Heavy) Operational Level represents the minimum capability to conduct safe and effective search and rescue operations at: –Structure collapse incidents involving the collapse and failure of Heavy Floor, Pre-cast Concrete and Steel Frame construction, high angle rope rescue (including highline systems), confined space rescue (permit required), and mass transportation rescue

27. Type 1 (Heavy) Capabilities Required

29. Type 1 (Heavy) Level Equipment

30. Additional US&R Resources OES Regional US&R Task Forces: OES Regional US&R Task Forces: –29 trained personnel & $750,000 - $1M of equipment. FEMA State/National US&R Task Forces: FEMA State/National US&R Task Forces: –70 trained personnel & $2M - $3M of equipment.

31. Regional US&R Task Forces are Local and State Resources. They cannot be deployed inter-state or internationally.

32. Regional US&R Task Forces Currently there are 9 Regional US&R Task Forces in California. Currently there are 9 Regional US&R Task Forces in California. San Bernardino County Fire Department is the proud host of California Regional US&R Task Force 6 (CA-RTF-6). San Bernardino County Fire Department is the proud host of California Regional US&R Task Force 6 (CA-RTF-6). We also have four Type 1 Heavy Rescue Companies, six Type 3 Light Rescue Companies, and over eighty trained US&R personnel. We also have four Type 1 Heavy Rescue Companies, six Type 3 Light Rescue Companies, and over eighty trained US&R personnel.

35. State/National US&R Task Forces can be deployed inter-state and some can deploy internationally

38. State / National US&R Task Forces There are 28 State / National US&R Task Forces nation-wide. There are 28 State / National US&R Task Forces nation-wide. 8 of them are in California 8 of them are in California The last team to be added to the system was in the late 1990s. The last team to be added to the system was in the late 1990s. FEMA has indicated that no new teams will be added to the system in the foreseeable future. FEMA has indicated that no new teams will be added to the system in the foreseeable future.

39. Reflex Time for Deployment State National US&R Task Forces have a pre-determined reflex time of 6 hours to their point of assembly or departure (usually an airport). State National US&R Task Forces have a pre-determined reflex time of 6 hours to their point of assembly or departure (usually an airport). Regional US&R Task Forces have a pre-determined reflex time of 45 minutes to their point of assembly or departure (a staging area or the site of an emergency). Regional US&R Task Forces have a pre-determined reflex time of 45 minutes to their point of assembly or departure (a staging area or the site of an emergency).

40. Additional US&R Resources US&R Search Dogs US&R Search Dogs Structural Engineers Structural Engineers Technical Specialists Technical Specialists Heavy Equipment Heavy Equipment

41. US&R Search Dog and Handler

42. Structural Engineers

43. Heavy Equipment

44. Benefit to our Local Community Safe, effective, and timely delivery of technical rescue services to the citizens of San Bernardino County. Safe, effective, and timely delivery of technical rescue services to the citizens of San Bernardino County. –The following slides show a variety of Technical Rescue responses in County Fire’s response area….

80. Victim Entrapment Survival for Structural Collapse 30 minutes later = 91% survive 30 minutes later = 91% survive 1 day = 81% 1 day = 81% 2 days = 36.7% 2 days = 36.7% 3 days = 33.7% 3 days = 33.7% 4 days = 19% 4 days = 19% 5 days = 7.4% 5 days = 7.4% Of the victims that survive the initial event: