1. Indicator Microorganism in Egg Reduce microorganisms in Egg

2. Indicator Decontamination Reduce Contamination Objectif

3. Microbiology of Eggs Egg Contamination Egg content is generally sterile... but not the shell Endogenic contamination (ovary) Exogenic contamination Penetration

4. Egg Contamination Endogenic Contamination of Eggs Isthmus Uterus Vagina Ovary Magnum

5. Egg Contamination Exogenic Microorganisms Digestive Tract Breeding Environment Breeding and Geographical area From 10 3 to 10 6 bacteria/egg Prevalence of G+ cocci Presence of enterobacteria (G-) Presence of Bacillus Influenced Air Contamination Season System of Breeding Aviary Housing Systems Exogenic Contamination of Eggs

6. Egg Contamination Penetration Natural Barriers Cuticule Eggshell Eggshell membranes Faktor Influencing Maturity of the Cuticule Temperature Changes Condensation Selective Effect Alkaline pH Viscous Iron Deprived Many Inhibiting Proteins

7. Microbiology of Eggs Egg Decontamination Procedures Egg Accumulation Washing Drying Oiling Check-Candling Scaling

8. Microbiology of Eggs How to Reduce Contamination ? Localization and Level of Contamination Breeding Practices Anti- Salmonella Procedures Collecting, Washing and Storage Conditions

9. Microbiology of Eggs References Jan, S. and Baron, F..2009.Egg Contamination : Agrocampus Rennes France 28(2):198-205 Okamura et al.2001.Endogenic Contamination of Egg.Jurnal of veteneranier 13(1):115-127 Musgrove et al.2005.Exogenic Contamination of Egg. Scientic Journal 12(2):21-43