1. Ethnic Groups
By: Group 4

2. Introduction
There are many different kinds of ethnic groups living in the Philippines.
These ethnic groups keep the Philippines’s old cultures, religion and traditions alive.
Now, they are slowly decreasing
Of the new influences
In this report, we will be talking about three of these ethnic groups.

3. They are the following 1) The Kalingas 2) The Kankanaeys 3) The Tagbanuas/Tagbanwas

4. The Kalingas
Is an ethnic group living in the Kalinga province which is in the CAR region.
Name means “enemy fighter” which also means headhunter.
Provinces near Kalinga consider the Kalingas as enemies
- Keep conducting headhunting in some nearby territories such as Gaddang and Ibanag.

6. Location
They lived in the CAR region. Specifically the Kalinga Province.
- Surrounded by mountains and plateaus.
Lots of rice terraces, hot springs and waterfalls.
Richly given with minerals, timber and non timber resources
Capital town of the province is Tabuk.
A) Center of the province’s industry and trade.

7. - Blessed with good farms.

8. Culture Observed headhunting as part of culture.
Considered as a sign of courage.
Had lots of tattoos
More tattoos means more girls.
Made the warriors or “mingols” enjoy their lives.
Also do “Bodong”
means peace pacts.
Renewal of social ties with other groups.
If peace pact gets broken, going after the people who broke it is observed.

9. Have a dance which is performed during their Thanksgiving festival.
- Called, Lumagen.

10. Livelihood They are farmers because of their fertile lands.
Also good in basket weaving because again of the abundant resources.
They are also skilled potters
Pot making done near the Chico river valley
A) one of the rivers in their province.
They also raise cattle such as goats and chickens.
They also hunt animals using blowpipes and thick wooden arrows.

11. Pictures of their livelihood

12. The Kankana-eys
Inhabits some parts of Benguet and the Southeastern Ilocos Sur. Also the Western Mountain Province.
Part of the five Igorot Ethnic groups including the
- Ibaloi
- Kalinga
- Ifugao
- Bontocs
Most of them still do pagan practices in weddings and planting.

13. Location
Located in some northern parts of Benguet, and in the Western Mountain Province.
Built sloping terraces to maximize the farm space.
The land they lived in used to be one province called the mountain province.
It was divided in to five provinces which are
- Benguet Ifugao
- Kalinga Apayao
- Western Mountain Province.
Located in/near the Cordillera Administrative region.

15. Culture Had lots of traditions in their ethnic group.
One thing they do is that they bury their dead in hanging coffins.
These are placed on cliff sides and faced to the East where the sun rises.
When the sun shines on the coffin, it is believed that the dead members of the family bless those who are still alive.
Also perform dances like Takik, a wedding dance and Ballangbang.

17. Livelihood They are farmers.
Mostly get their food from plants. Some of them are camote, rice and potatoes.
Most of their money comes from agriculture.
Kamote
Farm

18. Language
Here are some basic kankana-ey numbers 1) maid - zero (0) 7) enem - six (6) 2) esa - one (1) 8) pito - seven (7) 3) dowa - two (2) 9) wao - eight (8) 4) tolo - three (3) 10) siyam - nine (9) 5) epat - four (4) 11) simpoo - ten (10) 6) lima - five (5)

19. The Tabanwas / Tagbanuas
Found in all corners of Palawan.
Believed to be the descendants of the Tabon Man because they are a very old ethnic group.
Have 2 subgroups.
- The Central Tagbanwas -found in the West and East of Palawan.
- Calamian Tagbanuas -found among some other islands in/near Palawan.
Did the blood compact with Magellan at year 1521 when Magellan’s ships docked.

21. Location
Located in the north, south, east, west and central part of Palawan.
Concentrate on some islands near/in Palawan such as Coron, Aborlan and Puerto Princesa.

22. Culture Had four major gods. - The god of the heavens, Mangindusa.
- The god of the seas, Polo.
- The god of the lands, Sedumunadoc.
The god of the under earth, Tabiacoud.
Celebrate festivals every year for these gods.
Usually after a nice harvest.
When these big celebrations appear, there is much singing, courtship and dancing.
There is also an offering given to the god’s.
a) This is done by sailing a boat full of goods.

23. b) Then there will be two things that could happen.
It comes back Result: Sad
It disappears. Result: Happy

24. Livelihood Practice cultivation of upland rice.
Considered a divine gift given to them.
Also terrific at making body accessories
Made from materials such as wood, beads, copper and brass.
Examples include necklaces, bracelets,
anklets and combs.

25. Language
The Tagbanwa language

26. Sources The Kalinga ethnic group http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalinga

27. The Kankanaey ethnic group

28. TheTagbanwa Ethnic Group
Introduction

29. Thank You For Listening!!!