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The Muscular System: Part C
10 The Muscular System: Part C
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Muscles Crossing the Elbow Joint & Wrist I
Muscles Crossing the Elbow Joint & Wrist I. Muscles that move the Forearm Biceps Brachii Brachialis © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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I. Muscles that move the Forearm …
Forearm Flexors Are on the Anterior Surface of the Arm Biceps Brachii Most anterior muscle Runs the length of the arm Crosses Two Joints Radial insertion pronation Has 2 heads of Origin 2. Brachialis Posterior to Biceps Brachii and partially under it Found half way down humerus Biceps Brachii Brachialis © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Biceps Brachii (video)
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Brachialis (video) © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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3. Brachioradialis Origin is at distal end of Humerus and Insertion at distal end of Radius Synergist to Biceps Brachii in flexion © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Clavicle Deltoid Sternum Pectoralis major Coracobrachialis
Figure 10.15a Muscles crossing the shoulder and elbow joints, causing movements of the arm and forearm, respectively. Clavicle Deltoid Sternum Pectoralis major Coracobrachialis Triceps brachii: Lateral head Long head Medial head Biceps brachii Brachialis Brachio- radialis Anterior view © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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B. Forearm Extensor Muscles Triceps brachii—
prime mover Has 3 heads of Origin © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Supraspinatus* Spine of scapula Deltoid (cut) Greater tubercle
Figure 10.15b Muscles crossing the shoulder and elbow joints, causing movements of the arm and forearm, respectively. Supraspinatus* Spine of scapula Deltoid (cut) Greater tubercle of humerus Infraspinatus* Teres minor* Teres major Triceps brachii: Lateral head Long head Latissimus dorsi Humerus Olecranon of ulna Anconeus Posterior view © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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II. Muscles That Move the Hand & Fingers
Actions - movements of wrist, fingers, thumb pronation and supination of forearm Retinaculua: band of dense connective tissue that holds a group of long tendons down so they do not bow when muscles contract flexor retinaculum & extensor retinacu. Flexor Retinaculum © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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A. Muscles that move the Forearm
Pronator teres and pronator quadratus pronate forearm Supinator - synergist with biceps brachii in forearm supination Pronator quadratus PLAY A&P Flix™: Muscles of the forearm (b) PLAY A&P Flix™: Muscles of the forearm (c) Pronator teres PLAY A&P Flix™: Pronator teres Supinator PLAY A&P Flix™: Supinator Anterior Anterior Deep © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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FLEXORS Superficial transverse ligament of palm Palmar aponeurosis
Figure 10.16a Muscles of the anterior fascial compartment of the forearm acting on the right wrist and fingers. FLEXORS Superficial transverse ligament of palm Palmar aponeurosis Flexor retinaculum Flexor digitorum superficialis Pronator quadratus Flexor pollicis longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus Extensor carpi radialis longus Flexor carpi radialis Brachio- radialis Medial epicondyle of humerus Pronator teres Tendon of biceps brachii Medial head of triceps brachii Biceps brachii © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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digitorum superficialis (cut) Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus
Lumbricals Tendon of flexor pollicis longus Thenar muscles of thumb Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris (cut) Pronator quadratus Flexor pollicis longus Flexor digitorum profundus Supinator Figure 10.16c Muscles of the anterior fascial compartment of the forearm acting on the right wrist and fingers. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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B. Muscles That Move The Hand & Finger
1. Flexors Flexor Carpi Muscles: Flex Hand Flexor Digitorum Muscles: Flex Fingers Flexor retinaculum Flexor digitorum superficialis Pronator quadratus Flexor carpi ulnaris Extensor carpi radialis longus Flexor carpi radialis Brachio- radialis Pronator teres © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Flexor Carpi Radialis © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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2. Hand and Finger Extensors
Extensor Carpi Muscles Extensor Digitorum Tendons of extensor digitorum Extensor carpi ulnaris Extensor digitorum Extensor carpi radialis brevis & longus © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Extensor Digitorum © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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EXTENSORS Extensor expansion Tendons of extensor carpi radialis brevis
Figure 10.17a Muscles of the posterior fascial compartment of the right forearm acting on the wrist and fingers. EXTENSORS Extensor expansion Tendons of extensor digitorum Extensor pollicis longus brevis Abductor pollicis longus Extensor digitorum Extensor carpi radialis brevis radialis longus carpi radialis brevis and longus Extensor indicis Extensor digiti minimi ulnaris Flexor carpi ulnaris Anconeus Insertion of triceps brachii Brachioradialis © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Interossei Extensor indicis Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis
Figure 10.17b Muscles of the posterior fascial compartment of the right forearm acting on the wrist and fingers. Interossei Extensor indicis Extensor pollicis brevis Extensor pollicis longus Abductor pollicis longus Supinator Anconeus Olecranon of ulna © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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FLEXORS Superficial transverse ligament of palm Palmar aponeurosis
retinaculum Flexor digitorum superficialis Pronator quadratus Flexor pollicis longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus Extensor carpi radialis longus Flexor carpi radialis Brachio- radialis Medial epicondyle of humerus Pronator teres Tendon of biceps brachii Medial head of triceps brachii Biceps brachii © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Figure 10.16a Muscles of the anterior fascial compartment of the forearm acting on the right wrist and fingers.
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digitorum superficialis (cut) Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus
Figure 10.16c Muscles of the anterior fascial compartment of the forearm acting on the right wrist and fingers. Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis (cut) Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus Lumbricals Tendon of flexor pollicis longus Thenar muscles of thumb Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris (cut) Pronator quadratus Flexor pollicis longus Flexor digitorum profundus Supinator © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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3. Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand
Small weak muscles Lie entirely within palm of hand Control precise movements of metacarpals and fingers (e.g., threading a needle) Abductors and adductors of fingers Produce opposition—move thumb toward little finger Figure 10.19a Hand muscles, ventral views of right hand. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Figure 10.19a Hand muscles, ventral views of right hand.
Tendons of: Flexor digitorum profundus Flexor digitorum superficialis Fibrous sheath Second lumbrical Dorsal interossei Third lumbrical First lumbrical Fourth lumbrical Adductor pollicis Flexor pollicis brevis Opponens digiti minimi Abductor pollicis brevis Flexor digiti minimi brevis Opponens pollicis Abductor digiti minimi Flexor retinaculum Pisiform bone Abductor pollicis longus Flexor carpi ulnaris tendon Tendons of: Palmaris longus Flexor digitorum superficialis tendons Flexor carpi radialis Flexor pollicis longus First superficial layer © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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Figure 10.19b Hand muscles, ventral views of right hand.
Flexor digitorum profundus tendon Flexor digitorum superficialis tendon Dorsal interossei Palmar interossei Adductor pollicis Opponens digiti minimi Flexor pollicis brevis Flexor digiti minimi brevis (cut) Abductor pollicis brevis Abductor digiti minimi (cut) Opponens pollicis Flexor pollicis longus tendon Second layer © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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END © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
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