1. Global Regents Review
This PowerPoint goes along with the Global Regents review packet that you received in class

2. Farming and domesticating animals
Rise of settled
communities
(villages, towns,
cities, etc.
Led to food surplus
Pop. increased
Job specialization
Advances in tech.
Sahara desert
(protection)
Mediterranean
Sea (trade/CD)
Polytheistic
(many gods)
Hierarchy!!
Papyrus (paper)
Hieroglyphics
Pyramids
Nile River
Valley

3. Fertile Crescent
Middle East
(crossroads of
Civilizations)
Babylon
Assyrians
Phoenicians
Hittites
Cuneiform
Alphabet
Iron making
Irrigation
Calendar
Polytheistic,
except for the
Hebrews
(mono.)
Tigris &
Euphrates
River Valley
Concept of zero!!
Medicine (from
herbs/plants)
Surgeries
Himalayan and
Hindu Kush
Mountain ranges
Monsoons
Started the
Caste System
(beginning of
Hinduism!)
The Gupta
Dynasty
(golden age)
Indus &
Ganges
River Valleys
Isolated due to
geo. (mountains,
desert, ocean)
Middle Kingdom
(ethnocentric)
Confucianism
(a philosophy)
Filial Piety
The Han
Dynasty
(golden age)
Paper
Gunpowder!
Math/Science
Calendar
Yellow and
Yangzi River
Valley
SET OF WRITTEN LAWS

4. System of gov. with many departments (BIG GOV.)
Belief that dynasty in China
has power from gods to rule
(divine right)
Good things!
Advancements
Win wars
Food surplus
Rises to power
(& cycle starts over)
People grow
angry & rebel/
overthrow the
dynasty
Setbacks happen
Invasions
Famine
Corruption in gov.
Time passes
System of gov. with many departments (BIG GOV.)

5. A city-state
w/its own
govermnet
Geography!
Mountainous
Many islands
Difficult to
form an empire
Olympic games
Religion (poly.)
Language/culture
Education
Architecture
(columns/arches)
Birth of
democracy!
Military
society
Strict order
Monarchy
Gov. where all citizens can vote on all decisions/laws

6. Greece
Persia
Egypt
massive cultural
diffusion
Comedies
Tragedies
Socrates
Plato
Aristotle
natural
state

7. Cultural Diffusion! Emperor Patricians Plebeians Julius Caesar
Augustus
Roman Empire
Pax Romana
12 Tables (written
laws)
Gov. – Republic
Used columns/arches
Domes
Aqueducts!!
All roads lead to
Rome!
Trade route
Han Roman
Cultural Diffusion!

8. Central Africa Japan (Shinto) It is a way to communicate w/the gods
Forces of nature
(poly)
Started in
India
the belief that the
soul is reborn into
another body
after death
Rigid
hierarchy
that
determines
One’s status
Good karma/dharma
move you up the Caste
System; Bad = down
(poly)
Parts of India,
China and
Japan
Goal – to reach
Nirvana
He has reached
understanding of the
universe
-Meditation
-No Caste
System
(no formal
gods )

9. Learn and lead by example for an orderly society Respect for ones
- Emperor/Subject
- Father/Son
-Husband/Wife
--Teacher/Student
- Older/Younger friends
Learn and lead by
example for an orderly
society
Respect
for ones
elders
China
(Philosophy)
Diaspora:
Scattering
of Hebrews
across the
world
Started in
the Fertile
Crescent
(Hebrews)
The belief in a single,
all-powerful God
A code of conduct for
Judaism
(mono)
Founded by
Jesus after
his death on
the cross
DO NOT
WRITE
ABOUT
X-TIANITY!
Believed to be the
Messiah (son of God)
The belief in a single,
all-powerful God
(mono)
Koran
Mosque
Arabic
writing
Middle East
by the
prophet
Mohammed
I – give alms to the poor
S – pray 5x a day facing Mecca
L – fasting during Ramadan
A – Allah is the only God
M – pilgrimage to Mecca
The founder of Islam
(mono)

10. Mansa Musa!! – African
Emperor who spread Islam
throughout N. Africa

11. Peace, prosperity, progress & TRADE
More “western”
More “fundamental”
-Astrolabe (made navigation/travel easier)
-Arabic numerals
-Algebra
-Astronomy
-Medicine
Peace, prosperity, progress & TRADE

12. Charlemagne
Everything needed to
live was produced on
the manor
Controlled all
aspects of peoples’
lives
Code of
behavior for
Knights
Serfs were bound to the land
they lived on (little freedom)

13. Tons of C.D. btw.
Europe and the Mid East
For Christians to
reclaim the ‘holy land’
Power of R.C. church
Outlet for population
of Europeans
Hatred btw. Muslims
and Christians
Increase the power
of the Pope
New interest in exploring
the world
Peasants saw a
chance for adventure
Trade btw. Europe and
the Mid East
Knights saw a chance
to gain riches/land

14. Archipelago (island chain)
Extremely mountainous
Geo. Isolation from island status
Terrace farming from mountains
Spread of tech. and culture
Spread of religion (Buddhism)

15. ISOLATED!!!! Actual ruler Way of the warrior bc they sold the
Items others
produced
ISOLATED!!!!

16. Asia
Europe
the Middle East
Horseback warriors
Yuan
Marco Polo
Pax Mongolia
Introduced the idea
of autocracy (rule by
an all-powerful
leader
Isolated Russia from Europe

17. on rats on trading ships
Zheng He
Africa Middle East Europe
India
Europe Mid East
Asia
It was spread by fleas
on rats on trading ships

18. Witchcraft, magic,
crime
Prices increased
and people
stopped working
People began to
question the
power of the
R.C. Church
1 in 3 people
throughout
Europe
died!

19. Growth of trade routes
across Europe
Increased use of money for
trade (rise of capitalism!)
An association of merchants
or craftsmen w/lots of power
Banks
Merchant/trading companies
Insurance companies

20. Importance of the individual
Art in human’s natural state
Realism
Machiavelli
Leonardo
da Vinci
Mona Lisa
Michelangelo
Statue of David
Raphael
don’t worry!

21. Johann Guttenberg MARTIN LUTHER!!!! Books became more available
More people became
literate (able to read/write)
People get exposed to new
ideas (“?” the R.C. Church)
Sale of
INDULGENCES
R.C. Church is
“too worldly”
MARTIN LUTHER!!!!
Luther’s 95 Thesis
Clergy were becoming
more corrupt
Luther’s message spreads
bc of printing press!
John Calvin
New books made
people interested
in new ideas
Many people
Viewed Luther
as a hero and
left the R.C. Church

22. R.C. Church loses power
R.C. Church excommunicated
Martin Luther
Many split from R.C. Church
& form new Christian religions
(Protestants/Lutherans)
Bible became printed in vernacular
(common language)
Religious fighting btw.
Catholics & Protestants
People began to “?” the authority
of the R.C. Church

23. Basic laws that were the same
for all citizens (status did not matter)
Document that limited the King of England’s power
& gave more power to the people
The lawmaking body of England
(similar to Congress in USA)

24. Desert Savanna Rain Forrest Help – protection
Hurt – lack of fertile land (desertification)
and hinder C.D.
Help – “best” farm land in Africa
Hurt – difficult to navigate, limit C.D.

25. GOLD SALT Spread Islam throughout Northern Africa after
his pilgrimage to Mecca
Increased C.D. & trade
between Africa and the
Middle East

26. cultures
Arabic

27. Skip this chart for now

28. The voyage of Zheng He led the Emperor to declare
that China was superior to all other cultures and
should isolate themselves
Gobi Desert to the north, Himalayan mountains to the west,
Pacific Ocean to the east

29. Skip this chart for now

30. Istanbul
Islam
Increased the size of
the Ottoman Empire
& promoted nationalism
Central location for trade
Led to Turkish people
persecuting non-Turks
After WWI the Ottoman Empire
was disbanded (broken up)

31. Spain Portugal gold Better navigation (astrolabe) Improved weapons
(new guns/canons)
Improved armor
(steel)
Easier/faster to navigate the oceans
Easier to defeat enemies (Aztecs, Incas)
Easier to defeat enemies (Aztecs, Incas)

32. The Aztecs The Incas First to sail from Europe to India
(around the tip
of Africa)
“discovered
the ‘New World’”
First to circumnavigate
(circle) the world
Superior military technology
Guns & Steel
European diseases rapidly
wiped out Native communities
The Aztecs
The Incas

33. Hierarchy of colonies in the ‘new world’ settled by
the Spanish Conquistadors
Belief that Europeans are superior
to other cultures
European born people were of a higher status than non-Europeans

34. A cheap source of Labor to work on Plantations (sugar,
cotton, tobacco)
Millions of Africans
were forced from
their homes & it
marked the start
of racism in the
‘new world’
Triangle
Middle Passage
Trade
Raw materials
Guns, supplies
Slaves

35. Corn Tobacco Cotton Tomatoes Potatoes Peppers etc. Cultural Diffusion
Grain/wheat
Livestock
(pigs, cows, horses, etc.)
Diseases
(smallpox, influenza, etc.)

36. Economic system where raw materials are sent from colonies to a
Mother Country where they are turned into finished products for trade
Raw materials
Finished products
Pirates
Merchants

37. Put France deep into debt
The right to rule was given
by God
Won wars & built Versailles
Put France deep into debt

38. Becoming more “European”
Monarch’s power
is limited by law
and the people
(Parliament in
England)
The monarch
must obey &
respect the
decisions of
Parliament

39. It inspired people to explore new ways of learning/thinking
Discovered the heliocentric model (Sun is center of Solar System)
Improved the telescope and challenged R.C. Church teachings
about creation of the universe
Law of gravity, inspired Enlightenment thinkers to use REASON!

40. Valued the use of reason and observation
People questioned beliefs that they used to believe
were always true (challenged the R.C. Church’s
teachings)
Valued the use of reason and observation
Led to a questioning spirit that would challenge
the power of the R.C. church and monarchy

41. Life, Liberty, Land executive judicial legislative corruption
checks balances
Freedom of speech
Religious
The Social Contract
government

42. Locke’s idea on Natural
Rights (if gov. doesn't
protect them =
OVERTHROW YOUR
GOV. & START A NEW
ONE!
People began to
question
the RC Church and the
power of monarchs!

43. Storming of the Bastille
Dec. of Rights of
Man is written
3rd Estate
was unhappy
w/ lack of
Voting rights
France felt
King Louis
16th was
out of
touch w/
the people
Rising cost
of bread &
increased
taxes on
3rd Estate
Napoleon becomes
Emperor of France
Reign of Terror

44. The Napoleonic Code stabilized France
after the Reign of Terror
nationalism
Helped free Haiti
from France
French and American
Helped free Latin America
from Spain

45. Maintain a Balance of
Power in Europe
Put “true” monarchs
back in charge
Re-draw the maps of
Europe after
Napoleon

46. Unified Italy using Nationalism
Otto
Von Bismarck
Blood
Iron
Belief that Jews should have a homeland (Israel)

47. Became the
government
of Pakistan
after the
partition of
India
Became the
government
of India after
England left
Promoted Turkish
Nationalism
Many different ethnic/religious groups
often led to conflicts
Act of Genocide that targeted
Non-Turkish people

48. food England’s large coal Building where goods are manufactured
& iron supplies
Building where goods are manufactured
Production of large quantities in
an assembly line
England had large work
force to work in factories
England had a strong
economy w/capitalists to
invest in factory systems

49. Steam engine = railroads and steam ships
Gov. stays out of business
affairs (supply&demand will
regulate the economy)
The middle class grew and gained more
political power
Really bad (see your binder)

50. M.E.I.J.I. Isolation of Japan from the outside world Meiji Restoration
Led to Japan “opening its doors”
to trade with Western nations
Open Door Policy
Meiji Restoration
M.E.I.J.I.

52. New Markets Access to Raw Materials $$$$ Industrialization England
Sepoy’s forced to perform duties
against their religion
Britain increased its control over India

53. No Africans were invited to the conference
British increased control over
Southern African colonies
The British
An area of China where a European nation
has exclusive trading rights
Inferior military technology to the British

54. Forced to adapt to European ways (Christianity) - NEGATIVE
Loss of many raw materials - NEGATIVE
Tension between Europeans & non-Euros
increased - NEGATIVE
Improved roads, bridges, railroads - POSITIVE
Introduced to modern technology - POSITIVE
Difficulties setting up governments after imperialism
ended - NEGATIVE

55. Superior military technology
Gained access to raw materials for industrialization
Increased wealth through new markets, raw materials
Led to rivalries between European nations
Increased trade & cultural diffusion
Superior military technology

56. Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Germany Austria-Hungary
Francis Ferdinand, the Archduke of Austria-Hungary was assassinated by terrorists from Serbia
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Germany
Austria-Hungary
The Ottoman Empire
France
England
Russia
The USA (joined later)

57. TANKS, BATTLESHIPS and MORE DEADLY WEAPONS (machine guns, poison gas, flame throwers) led to INCREASED causalities in WWI
When the US entered the war it gave the Allied Powers extra troops needed to
win the war. Russia left bc they had a Communist Revolution in their country

58. Peasants were very poor
WWI led to food and fuel
shortages in Russia
The Czar was an absolute monarch
People were growing more unhappy w/the czar
The Czar (King) of Russia ordered his army to shoot protesters, leading to more people hating him
Vladimir Lenin
Communism
Bc that is what the peasants wanted
“Peace, Land & Bread for all”

59. It introduced elements of Capitalism into the USSR
A gov. that controls all
parts of its peoples lives (no freedom)
Economic system where gov. makes all economic decisions (no freedom)
JOSEPH STALIN (totalitarian leader of the USSR)
Stalin’s plan to industrialize the USSR & make it a world superpower
When Stalin sent millions of people to labor camps in Siberia who he thought opposed him and communism
Large farms operated by the USSR
He starved people who opposed working on collective farms (Ukraine Famine)

60. B – Germany had to accept full BLAME for WWI
R – Germany had to pay huge REPARATIONS ($) for losing WWI
A – Germany was forced to have basically no ARMY
T – Germany had to surrender lots of its TERRITORIES (colonies)
Kemal
Ataturk
Shah Reza
Pahlavi
Organization of world nations that tried to prevent future wars (US didn’t join = it failed)
Pan
Arabism

61. Mohandas
Gandhi
Civil Disobedience
Nationalists
Communists
It weakened many economies and more people began to be open to radical/extreme new ideas (communism, fascism)

62. Extreme nationalism
Censorship of the press
Aggressive military
Totalitarian government
Uniforms
No individual rights
Benito Mussolini
foreign
state
individual

63. Adolf Hitler
To restore German greatness and make it the strongest nation in the world
Jews
Propaganda

64. Japan began to aggressively imperialize many parts of South-East Asia
The Meiji Restoration
M – modernize
E – improve the economy
I – industrialize
J – Japan
I - imperialize
Japan began to aggressively imperialize many parts of South-East Asia

65. The Rhineland (btw. France and Germany)
The Sudetenland (btw. Germany and Czechoslovakia)
Austria
Poland (once Hitler invaded Poland, France & England declared war on Germany)
Manchuria (northern China)
They greatly improved their military technology under Mussolini
Japanese soldiers raped and tortured thousands of Chinese civilians after they conquered China

66. Giving into an aggressor to avoid conflict (war) France England Russia
USA
Canada
Germany
Japan
Italy
Lightning warfare used by the Nazis
It took other nations by
surprise

67. N/A The US dropped 2 atomic bombs on Japan, forcing them to surrender
Hiroshima and Nagasaki

68. The deliberate killing of an entire
group of people based on their
ethnicity, religion, etc.
The Japanese forced US soldiers to march hundreds of miles without food or water to a prison camp (thousands died)
Nazis encouraged Germans to destroy Jewish businesses and synagogues (temples)
A camp Jews were sent to by Nazis where they were forced to work until being executed (gas chambers)

69. In eastern Europe became controlled by the USSR
Over 40 million people died due to WWII / the Holocaust
Created as a world organization to maintain world peace and protect human rights
Nuremburg War Crime Trial punished Nazis for the Holocaust
Western Europe was completely destroyed and needed to be rebuilt

70. Divided in East and West Germany
East became communist
West became democratic
“Economic miracle”
after United States helped them rebuild their nation
- 3rd largest economy in the world today!
The United States
The Soviet Union (USSR)
COLD
WAR

71. Pact (communist nations)
Plan to provide food/supplies to people of Western Berlin so they could resist falling to communist
Massive economic aid package by the United States to help European nations rebuild after WWII
- Designed to help nations resist falling to communism
N.A.T.O. (democratic nations)
Warsaw
Pact (communist nations)

76. Joseph Stalin
Industry
Agriculture
Technology
Defense

89. GOOD
LUCK!!!!