1. © geoland2 consortium European Commission Fast Track Service Land within the GMES initiative in FP-7 Towards an operational Global component of GMES Land Monitoring Core Service F. Camacho, R. Lacaze, I. Trigo, F. Baret, G. Balsamo, K. Dabrowska, V. Lefèvre, J.C. Calvet, W. Wagner, P. Deforuny, K. Tansey, G. Borstlap, M. Leroy EOLAB, HYGEOS, IM, INRA, ECMWF, IgiK, ITF, MF, TU Wien, UCL, UL,VITO, CNES

2. 02/03/2009 22 Outline Context Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES ) Land Monitoring Core Service (LMCS) Needs for Global LMCS Users Global Land Monitoring Core Service Requirements Land Cover & LC Change Vegetation, Radiation, Fire Snow, Ice Implementation: The Geoland-2 project Background Functional view BioPar Core Mapping Service Objectives Structure Portfolio Quality Assessment Plan SDI Summary 18/03/2009

3. 02/03/2009 33 Man-made impact & climate variability – require adaptation Directives & Regulations – requesting geo-spatial monitoring Agriculture Agriculture – intensification leads to water stress, soil erosion and biodiversity decline Soil Erosion Soil Erosion – 17% of total European land area affected, economic loss around 85 per ha Biodiversity Biodiversity – 335 species highly endangered in Europe Water Water – 20% of all surface water sources seriously threatened by pollution Urban Settlementsand transport networks Urban Settlements and transport networks growing - leads to soil sealing and fragmentation of landscape Global environment under pressure … e.g. man-made and climate induced changes in Europe 18/03/2009

4. 02/03/2009 44 Context Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) aims to provide, on a sustained basis, reliable and timely geo-information services related to environmental and security issues in support of public policy makers needs GMES is an EU-led initiative, in which ESA implements the space component and the European Commission manages actions for developing services, relying on both in-situ and space-borne remote sensing data. Fast Track Services Marine Monitoring Emergencies Response Land Monitoring Core Service GMES basic architecture Infrastructures: In-situ and Space data Core Mapping Services : Generic products Down-stream services: End-users applications 18/03/2009

5. 02/03/2009 55 Needs for a Global Land Monitoring Core Service 18/03/2009 EU 'development' policies European Consensus on Development (Enviroment, Water, Agriculture, Rural Devl) European Consensus on Humanitarian Aid Joint Africa-EU Strategy (AMESD, GMES & AFRICA) Other relevant policies (Thematic Strategy for Food Security, Environment and Natural Resources Thematic Program (ENRTP), EU Water Initiative (EUWI)) International environmental treaties UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) (eg. Kioto Protocol). UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) UN Convention on Biological Diversity (UNCBD) UN Forum on Forest (UNFF) + UN Millennium Development Goals Why? Because environmental protection and civil security are global issues that require global monitoring to provide an informed basis for action. Link with other international initiatives Global LMCS will be part of GEOSS Linked to GCOS, GTOS, IGOS, CEOS…

6. 02/03/2009 66 Users 18/03/2009 Users European institutions (DG DEV, DG AIDCO, DG ENV, DG AGRI, EEA) International bodies (IPCC, UNFCCC, UNCCD, UNCBD) International agencies (FAO, UNEP, ECMWF, JRC-ACP, JRC/FOODSEC.) Other organisations (AMESD, GEO,..) Research on Earth Science System (ESSP, WCRP, IGBP, …) NGO, Civil society, Private sector (crop production, forest..) Need geo-information products for Climate Change, including Carbon fluxes; Land degradation and desertification; Forest and natural resources Biodiversity Water resources Agriculture and Food resources Urban and regional development

7. 02/03/2009 77 Global Land Monitoring Core Service 18/03/2009 Three service elements: Global Systematic Monitoring Services ( ECVs) Land Cover and Land Cover Change Vegetation, Fire, Radiation Water and Soil Snow, Glacier, Ice, permafrost Hot Spots ad hoc Monitoring Services (eg. GMES & Africa) Thematic Services (eg. Land Carbon, Crop Monitoring) Definition of product status: Development: Products under development Pre-operational: Products generated routinely and available to beta-users for evaluation. Further improvements are expected after validation. Operational: Products generated routinely and validated. Accuracy level: Threshold accuracy: Minimum acceptable quality. Target accuracy: Commitment from the producer. Optimal accuracy: Maximum expected accuracy.

8. 02/03/2009 88 18/03/2009 Requirements Consistent long-time series of ECVs Improving spatial resolution (better than 1 km when possible) Products independent of satellite sensors (multi-sensor approach) Products with uncertainties defined according to CEOS WGCV procedures Land Cover & Land Cover Change Global Land Monitoring Core Service

9. 02/03/2009 99 18/03/2009 Vegetation, Fire and Radiation Global Land Monitoring Core Service

10. 02/03/2009 10 18/03/2009 Water and Soil Global Land Monitoring Core Service Snow, Glacier, Ice and Permafrost

11. 02/03/2009 11 Implementation: Geoland-2 LMCS complements existing operational European services: EUMETSAT / SAF Land, JRC / MARS Food, JRC/ ACP Observatory ESA DUE GLOBCARBON, GLOBCOVER, GLOBSNOW.. Data distribution: PUMA, AMESD, EUMETCast, DevCoCost… Geoland-2 Implementation of Operational Capacity Geoland-2 Implementation of Operational Capacity 18/03/2009

12. 02/03/2009 12 geoland2 : Functional view 3 Core Mapping Services Euroland (Land Cover) SATChMo (Seasonal Monitoring) BioPar (Biophysical Parameters) 7 Core Information Services Land Carbon Natural Resource Monitoring in Africa (NARMA) Global Crop Monitoring Forest Agri Environment Water Spatial Planning 18/03/2009

13. 02/03/2009 13 BioPar Objectives Set-up an operational system, fully validated, developed according to industry standard, and that meets users needs. Taking benefit of previous R&D projects to complement (SAF Land) or to extend (VGT4Africa) operational services Building a strong user base (user-driven service) Moving from off-line processing to Near Real Time Integration global-regional-local to build a service providing bio- geophysical parameters at any scale of interest Ensuring Service Continuity Developing sensor-independent algorithms Design back-up processing line (in case of failure of nominal sensor) Guarantee the compatibility between historic and current products Adapting the present method to the next generation of sensors Improving Quality Assessment Combining technical, scientific, utility and external assessments 18/03/2009

14. 02/03/2009 14 BioPar Structure BioPar Users R&D Vegetation Radiation Water Demonstration Operations CnesVITOITF IM Satellite & Ground Segment Meteo satellites EO satellites HRMRLR Data Flow NRT Work Flow User Feedback Data Flow Off-line Ancillary Data In-situ Meteo Other Dissemination SDI 18/03/2009

15. 02/03/2009 15 BioPar CMS Portfolio Product NRT / Off-line Spatial Resolution Spatial coverage Temporal Resolution Sensor (back-up) Land Surface TemperatureNRT~ 5 kmGlobal3 hours GEO + AVHRR Downwelling Shortwave Radiation, Downwelling Longwave Radiation NRT~ 5 kmGlobal3 hours GEO + AVHRR Surface Albedo - GEONRT~ 5 kmGlobal10-days GEO + AVHRR Surface Albedo - VGTNRT1 kmGlobal10-daysVGT LAI, fCover, fAPAR, DMP, NDVI, Phenology NRT1 kmGlobal10-daysVGT (MODIS) Burnt areas + seasonalityNRT1 kmGlobalDailyVGT MERIS FR biophysical productsNRT300 mTest Areas10-daysMERIS HR biophysical productsOff-line< 50mPilot Areas2-3 monthsSPOT Time series of vegetation productsOff-line4 kmGlobal10-daysAVHRR + VGT Water Bodies + seasonalityNRT1 kmAfrica10-daysVGT Soil Moisture + Freeze/ThawNRT25 kmGlobalDailyASCAT Time series of soil moisture productsOff-line25 kmGlobalDaillyERS1&2 Scatt 18/03/2009

16. 02/03/2009 16 Quality Assessment Procedure 1- Technical validation at production centres (IM, VITO) 2- Scientific validation by independent team (EOLAB) 3- Utility assessment by user (CIS) 18/03/2009 1- Technical Validation

17. 02/03/2009 17 Quality Assessment 18/03/2009 2-Scientific Validation Plan Following CEOS WGCV procedures A) Inter-comparison with operational products Spatial consistecy Overall evaluation of products Statistical analysis of different metrics Temporal consistency Temporal profiles Evolution of statistics B) Direct Validation Quantitative accuracy Temporal realism 3-Utility Assessment User oriented validation.

18. 02/03/2009 18 Spatial Data Infraestructure 18/03/2009

19. 02/03/2009 19 Conclusions: Stresa Workshop on Global LMCS 18/03/2009 Identification of key products/issues, user requirements Global Monitoring: Land Cover & LCC, Vegetation & Fires, Water & Soils, Snow & Ice Hot-spot Mapping and Thematic Services Integration of complementary info (EO, in-situ, models) Architecture: Atmosphere/Marine services could be used as a model Research/expertise support to operations: quality, validation, improvements, new products Need of continuity of products in time, reprocessing End-to-end information chain: need of integration (EO, in situ data, land surface models, land cover change, carbon & water cycles, crop monitoring) through land data assimilation systems and human expertise

20. 02/03/2009 20 Conclusions: Stresa Workshop 18/03/2009 Improve interaction with parallel projects EUMETSAT SAFs DevCoCast ESA Strategic Actions: WACMOS (soil moisture time series) ESA Earth explorer mission: SMOS (dedicated soil moisture mission) Collaboration, potential exchanges (procedures, data, etc…) interfaces, complementarities PNT ? Open issues Consolidation of the GMES document: Assessment of Maturity and Relevance More discussion needed for hot-spot theme: policy driven or driven by global systematic mapping? Continuous or flexible monitoring? Governance to be addressed (assessment of existing assets, interfacing, international cooperation) Bridge financing 2011-2013

21. 02/03/2009 21 Conclusions More information at www.land.eu Thank you very much for your attention ! Thank you very much for your attention ! 18/03/2009