1. Lesson Outcomes Discuss the need for conformity in a society within the context of the problems that can arise with following norms blindly. Identify and explain the relationship between norms and laws in society and the society’s values Define conformity & deviance Define & give examples of primary & secondary deviance Discuss the costs & benefits of conformity & deviance

3. Is it Deviance? In the following 10 slides, determine if what you see constitutes Deviance. You may base your decisions on behavior, beliefs, or the condition of the person.

4. Deviance?

11. I’m single, I have a career, and I’m happy with my life.

12. Deviance?

15. Conformity & Deviance

16. Conformity Behavior that matches group expectations e.g. Come to work or school on time Use a fork to eat peas Don’t steal other people’s things

17. Deviance Deviance is the violation of social norms A behavior that departs from societal or group norms It can range from criminal behavior to wearing heavy make-up It is difficult to define because not everyone agrees what should be considered deviant behavior

18. Deviance Some examples are clear cut — murder, robbery Others acts vary from group to group and/or change over time e.g. Tattoos & body piercing are now common but 25 years ago it would have been deviant to have a tattoo or for a man to have pierced ears

19. Deviance Who decides who and what behavior is deviant? How? Is deviance determined by the act or the individual?

20. Deviance A deviant is someone who has violated one or more of society’s highly valued norms Reactions to deviants are usually negative & involve attempts to change or control the deviant behavior

21. Social Control Society uses Social Control to promote conformity to norms Without Social Control, social life would be unpredictable and chaotic Social Control can be internal or external

28. Mother-of-four Maria Jose Cristerna, who is known as Vampire Woman, is a 36-year- old former lawyer from a Catholic family background. Not only is 98% of her body covered with tattoos, but she has had fangs dentally implanted into her mouth and titanium horns surgically placed beneath the skin on her head.

30. Social Control Internal People have learned the social norms and believe that an action is wrong (socialization) e.g. Most people do not steal because they believe it is wrong not because they fear arrest External Some people are not successfully socialized and require external sanctions to encourage appropriate behavior e.g. Criticism, fines, and imprisonment, low grades, awards, smiles

31. Costs & Benefits of Deviance Costs Deviance erodes trust and a society filled with suspicion cannot function smoothly Deviance can cause deviance in others Deviance is expensive—cost resources & time Benefit Clarifies what norms are expected e.g. parents taken to court for neglect shows norm to care of children is important Safety valve—way for teenagers to be different Brings about social change e.g. MLK, Jr & Civil Rights Movement

32. Primary Deviance Person only occasionally breaks norms; not a lifestyle e.g. college student may drink at parties or high school student may do something dumb & break a law

33. Secondary Deviance Person for whom deviance is a way of life; a normal reaction for that person e.g. Career Criminals like John Dillinger Serial Killers * We must be careful not to label primary deviants because it could led to secondary deviance

34. Let’s review: Label as Primary or Secondary Deviance ___S tudent cheats on a test one time ____Teenager steals gum every week from Wal-mart ____Bank Robber who has robbed five banks ____ Small child stole candy one time ____Student copies math homework every night from a friend ____Drug Dealer ____12 year old who tried smoking a cigarette ____ Maryland snipers Lee Malvo & John Muhammad

35. What is Deviance? Any behavior, belief, or condition that violates significant social norms in the society or group in which it occurs Interestingly – one who is considered “deviant” by one category of people may be seen as “conformist” in another group

36. Who Defines Deviance? Common Sense Thinking –Inherent in certain kinds of behavior or people Sociologists –Formal property of social situations and structures –Deviance is relative- An act becomes deviant when it is defined as such

37. Variations in Deviance Time to Time – Place to Place – Group to Group – Degrees of Seriousness –

38. “Deviance is not a property inherent in certain forms of behavior; it is a property conferred upon these forms by the audiences which directly or indirectly witness them. The critical variable in the study of deviance, then, is the social audience rather than the individual actor”. - Kai T. Erikson (1964)

39. THANKS TO Mrs. Sandy Furbush, Sussex Technical School District, Georgetown, DE Mr. Kevin Cawley, Central Bucks South School District, Warrington, PA