2. Unit 7: Lesson 1 The Protestant Reformation A.D. 1517 - 1603

3. 8th Grade Religion Lesson 1 Objective: To discover the beginnings of the Protestant Reformation.

4. 8th Grade Religion Christianity DVD The Protestants Martin Luther

5. 8th Grade Religion Martin Luther

6. 8th Grade Religion Luther’s Protest Protestant Reformation is said to have begun on October 31, 1517 This is the day that Martin Luther posted his famous Ninety-five Theses on the church door in Wittenberg, Germany These were statements protesting abuses in the Church, especially the abuse of indulgences.

7. 8th Grade Religion Luther’s Protest Originally indulgences were similar to penances that were given during the sacrament of Reconciliation. They consisted of saying prayers or doing good deeds. By Luther’s time indulgences were being sold for money and this led to abuse.

8. 8th Grade Religion Luther’s Protest Luther was particularly against Pope Leo X selling of indulgences to raise money for St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome. Germany priests were telling people they could automatically free their relatives from purgatory by buying indulgences.

9. 8th Grade Religion Indulgence

10. 8th Grade Religion Martin Luther Martin Luther was an Augustinian friar. When he posted his Ninety-five Theses his intent was to reform the Catholic Church. As his Theses were met with resistance from the Church leaders he became more and more argumentative and radical.

11. 8th Grade Religion Martin Luther He began to question all good works, the authority of the Pope, Sacraments, the priesthood and the monastic life. In 1520 when Luther refused to give up his views, he was excommunicated by Pope Leo X. He started out to correct a wrong in the Church and ended up denying some important teachings of the Church.

12. 8th Grade Religion Unit 7: Lesson 2 Objective: To explore the expansion of the Protestant Reformation

13. 8th Grade Religion From Luther to Lutheranism After his excommunication Luther lived with Fredrick the Wise in Wittenburg. For the next 25 years Luther rarely left Wittenburg but published many books and pamphlets about his beliefs. Luther also translated the Bible into German. Many people became followers of Luther called Lutherans.

14. 8th Grade Religion From Luther to Lutheranism Fighting broke out between Catholics and Lutherans. In areas where Lutherans took control many things changed: The Latin mass was changed to a common service Only the sacraments of Baptism and the Eucharist were celebrated The authority of the Pope was rejected Priest were replaced by married ministers Fighting continued in Germany creating a religious split in the country which continues today.

15. 8th Grade Religion Unit 7: Lesson 3 Objective: To explore Calvin’s influence on the Protestant Reformation and to explore the causes and effects of the English Reformation.

16. 8th Grade Religion John Calvin John Calvin (1509 - 1564) lived in Geneva, Switzerland. Calvin did not have Luther’s lively personality but was very intelligent. Followers of Calvin became Calvinist.

17. 8th Grade Religion John Calvin Calvin believed: Drinking and gambling were sins Double predestination. Double predestination - God chooses some people for heaven and some people for hell. Calvin believed that this was God’s decision and nothing could change it.