1. Help! My Students Are Reading Below Grade Level: Strategies That Work Cheryl Golden, M. Ed., NBCT National Board Candidate Support Provider LCPS Staff Development August 26, 2013 http://www.lcps.org/Page/31103

3. Why me? Why this topic? Who are you?

4. Goals for our session today…..  What is Reading?  What is “It” that kids don’t understand  What do good readers do that make them great?  What is the difference between dependent readers and independent readers  Review strategies for helping struggling readers  Tips for remembering what you read

5. Are you a good reader?

7. Are you sure??? Your father is in the hospital. To educate yourself on his condition you read medical journals and articles. Here is one of the opening sentences you read: “The endosteum is the vascular connective tissue lining the marrow cavities of the bones.”

8. Let’s try another a few more… You buy an unassembled piece of furniture and encounter these instructions: “Fasten flange G to tie-rod Q using hex nut R and a socket wrench.”

9. 8 th grade math book: “Write a compound inequality for the range of normal body temp. “Explain the difference between the words and and or in a compound inequality. 6 th grade science book: “A very unusual protozoan is the euglena. It is bright green. A euglena moves by using a thread- like whip. Euglenas eat bacteria, other protozoan, and plant-like living things. But they can also make food. Notice the euglena has chloroplasts. HUH?

10. Three “Parts” to Successful Reading Words – 30% Fluency - 20% Comprehension – 50% Surface Deeper Tim Rasinski

11. Reading is Multi-Tasking Recognize letters Tim Rasinski Make meaning of what the author is saying Understand single words Pronounce the sounds

12. What is the “IT” students don’t get?

13. What is the “IT” students don’t get? Why Can’t the Student Read Comprehension DecodingFluency Builds Text Confidence Builds Cognitive and Emotional Confidence Student will want to read

14. Improving Decoding Vocab Fluency Review high frequency words Teach word parts Chunk words/sound out Model oral reading Provide oral support (paired /choral/recording) Practice orally and silently Working on phrasing Use songs and poems with repeated readings Highlight unfamiliar words Pre-teach vocabulary Context Clues Decoding Vocab Fluency

15. Improving Comprehension Focus the Reader 1 st and 2 nd draft Readings High Interest Material Time for Collaboration Model Thinking Aloud

16. Are you a dependent reader or a independent reader? Activity

18. When the text gets tough… Dependent Readers… Stop Appeal to the teacher Read on through/Skip Keep the mostly invisible process of comprehension at the invisible level Lack confidence and reluctant to go on Independent Readers… Figure out what’s confusing them Set goals for getting through the reading Use many strategies to create understanding Have confidence to persevere When Kids Can’t Read by Kylene Beers

19. What makes a good reader great? Activity

20. What Good Readers Do - Kylene Beers  Recognize the purpose for reading is to get meaning  Use of a variety of comprehension strategies  Make Inferences  Use of prior knowledge  Monitor understanding  Question author’s purpose and point of view  Evaluate their engagement and enjoyment  Know the meaning of many words  Read fluently

21. If you do nothing else… Read, Read, Read – to them, with them, listening to them read Ensure students have decoding and fluency confidence Use Before, During and After reading strategies Provide your students with a wide variety of strategies to comprehend what they are reading Allow your students to co-create meaning and learning therefore teaching themselves and others

22. Top Ten Tips to Help Struggling Readers - Molly Ness 1.Prepare students BEFORE reading. 2.Support students DURING reading. 3.Help readers extend meaning AFTER reading 4.Scaffold summary writing. 5.Ask quality comprehension questions. 6.Model metacognition 7.Arm them with study strategies 8.Integrate writing everywhere. 9.Provide explicitly vocabulary instruction. 10.Increase fluency to increase comprehension.

23. 8 Tips to Remember What You Read - Dr. Bill Klemm 1.Set and read with a purpose 2.Skim first. 3.Get the reading mechanics right (decoding and fluency). 4.Be judicious in highlighting and note taking 5.Think in pictures 6.Rehearse as you go along 7.Stay within your attention span and work to increase that span. 8.Rehearse again soon

24. Resources The Fluent Reader by Timothy V. Rasinski When Kids Can’t Read by Kylene Beers Reading Reasons by Kelly Gallagher Deeper Reading by Kelly Gallagher Reader’s Handbook by Great Source