1. DAY 48: IMPERIALISM Period 7

2. Early Stirrings William Seward: buys Alaska: 1867  $7.2 million, Seward’s Folly, Seward’s Icebox Samoan Islands  near war between US and Germany Chile  near war between US and Chileans Venezuela, British Guiana, almost cause war

3. Hawaii 1840s, US wants HI for sugar trade 1890: McKinley Tariff, raise import rates on foreign sugar  HI sugar planters face depression  Tariff disappears if HI is annexed into US Queen Liliuokalani inherits throne  Tried to get rid of foreign interference Jan 1893 planters stage overthrow of Queen  US (w/out pres approval) sends marines  Queen forced out, Cleveland forced to annex HI Cleveland: anti-imperialist American sentiment: pro-imperialism HI remains a territory until 1959

4. Remember the Maine! Spain controls islands in W. Hemisphere  Goes against Monroe Doctrine Cuba: revolts against Spanish  Spain sent rebels to concentration camps (execution, poor conditions, 200K died)  Hearst and Pulitzer write about it in papers  Yellow Journalism Feb 1898 Maine battleship in Havana Harbor  Explodes and sinks, 260 sailors die

5. “Remember the Maine, to Hell With Spain” McKinley gets permission to go to war  Message: US supports Cuban independence  Teller Amendment: promised US wouldn’t annex islands Congress declares war on Spain

6. Spanish-American War and Consequences US unprepared for war  Food, clothes, understaffed, but Spain = less ready Battle of Manila Bay, Philippines  Admiral Dewey, success against Spain, 1 US casualty Rough Riders organized by Teddy Roosevelt  Charged up San Juan Hill, helped corner Spanish forces War won when Spanish Atlantic fleet destroyed

7. Treaty of Paris US received Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico  Spain got $20 mil for Philippines Anti-Imperialists: US hypocrite for gaining empire  Emilio Aguinaldo leads rebellion in Philippines  Lasts 3 years, 4k US deaths Most of US supports expansionist policies

8. Roosevelt Corollary and L. America Platt Amendment of 1901  Cuba forbidden from treaties that endanger independence  Prohibit Euro gunboats on Cuban shore  Prohibit Cuba from incurring large debt  US gets naval base at Guantanamo Bay  Cuba = legal protectorate of US Roosevelt Corollary  Speak Softly and Carry a Big Stick (US Navy)  Defend territory and avoid war, esp. in Latin America L. Amer. countries resent “Yankee Imperialism”

9. Other US Imperialism Japan: trade opened in 1854, Commod. Perry China: divided by European empires “Spheres of Influence” colonial entities, 1894  GB, FR, RU, GER, JAP  Secr. Of State John Hay: fears US will lose out  Circulates letters: Open Door Notes  Requests nations agree to free trade w China  Britain agrees, others don’t, Hay lies to force them to

10. Other Imperialism China: Boxer Rebellion  1 st time US invades continent w/out trying to get territory TR wins Nobel Peace Prize: Russian and Japan negotiation Relationship w/Japan = cold  Japanese immigrants face discrimination  Great White Fleet Panama Canal Built  Hay-Pauncefote Treaty: US builds and fortifies  Yellow Fever, revolts by Panama citizens  Finished in 1914, $345 million

11. Timeline 1. Starting as early as necessary, create a timeline of US imperial ventures 2. Focus mostly on Period 7 events, but you may extend as early or as late as you want in the timeline 3. Include important information, people, events, etc in the timeline Complete on a separate sheet of paper