1. Elements and Principles of Design

2. Purpose of Elements and Principles of Art
When designing an artwork, whether it is a painting, a piece of music, a stage set, or a dance, the Elements and Principles of Design must be used to achieve certain effects.

3. Elements
The elements are parts which can be isolated and defined in any visual design. They are the structure or building blocks of a work of art, and can carry a wide variety of messages.

4. LINE
A mark on a surface that describes a shape or outline. It can create texture or shape and can be thick and thin. 

5. Creates forms

6. Creates Depth and Perspective

7. Creates Movement

8. Creates Contrast and Interest

9. Creates Emotion

10. ● Direct the viewer's gaze
LINE
● Create shape, form, movement, or texture
● Direct the viewer's gaze

11. Horizontal lines - calm, tranquility, and space.
Vertical lines - height, and grandeur.
Tightly angled convergent lines - dynamic, lively, and active.

12. Curved lines - sense of flow within -associated with soft things.
Straight lines – hard, dynamic

13. Refers to specific hues.
COLOUR
Refers to specific hues.

15. Colours Suggest Emotions
How do the following colours make you feel?
Red: __________________
Blue: _________________
Yellow: ________________
Purple: ________________
Orange: _________________
Black: __________________
Green: __________________

16. Colours Create Focus Warm colours pop forward Cool colours regress
Vibrant colours attract
Muted colours regress

17. Colours Create Contrast

18. Create Focus

19. What is the mood of this picture?

20. Colour creates mood

25. TEXTURE
Surface quality, either tactile or visual. Texture can be real or implied by different uses of media. It is the degree of roughness or smoothness in objects.

26. Creates a Sensory Experience

28. Adds realism and depth

29. Creates Mood

31. Portrays Emotion

32. SHAPE
A 2-dimensional line with no form or thickness. Shapes are flat and can be grouped into two categories, geometric and organic.

33. Organic Geometric

34. Creates Form

35. Shows depth

36. FORM
A 3-dimensional object having volume and thickness. It is the illusion of a 3-D effect that can be implied with the use of light and shading techniques.  Form can be viewed from many angles.

37. Creates Depth

38. Creates Realism

40. Allows for the visual effect of Form.
VALUE
Sometimes combined with color, value describes the lightness (tint) or darkness (shade) of a color.
Allows for the visual effect of Form.

41. Creates Contrast

43. Creates Realism

45. SPACE
The use of space and room in a piece of art. Positive space is the space taken up by objects. Negative space is the distance between objects.

48. Creates Emotion

50. Principles
The Principles are concepts used to organize or arrange the elements of design. The way in which the principles are applied affects the expressive content, or the message of the work.

51. EMPHASIS
Emphasis (also called focal point) is where the focus is concentrated through design principles or meaning. It makes an element or object in a work stand out. To use emphasis in an artwork is to attract the viewer's eyes to a place of special importance in an artwork.

53. Richard Doyle – “The Fairy Queen Takes an Airy Drive”
1870

54. John William Waterhouse – “Boreas”
1902

55. BALANCE
Balance is arranging elements so that no one part of a work overpowers, or seems heavier than any other part. Two different kinds of balance are symmetrical and asymmetrical. Symmetrical (or formal) balance is when both sides of an artwork, if split down the middle, appear to be the same.

56. Andrew Wyeth – “Christina’s World”
1948

57. Gustav Klimt – “The Tree of Life”
1909

58. UNITY HARMONY
The quality of wholeness or oneness that is achieved through the effective use of the elements and principles of art.

59. Paul Ranson - “Apple Tree with Red Fruit”
1902

60. VARIETY CONTRAST
The quality or state of having different forms or types. The differences which give a design visual and conceptual interest: notably use of contrast, emphasis, difference in size and color.

61. Salvador Dali – “Landscape with Butterflies”
1958

62. Vincent van Gogh – “Café Terrace at Night”
1888

63. MOVEMENT
Action, or alternatively, the path the viewer's eye follows throughout an artwork.

64. Vincent van Gogh – “Mulberry Tree”
1889

65. Joseph Mallord William Turner – “Snow Storm”
1812

66. PATTERNRHYTHM
Pattern and rhythm is showing consistency with colors or lines. It is indicating movement by the repetition of elements. Rhythm can make an artwork seem active.

67. Patrick Raymond – “Rhythm 2”

68. Oliver Ray – “The Dancers”