0. Elements and Principles of Design

1. Elements of Design are the parts
What are they?
Elements of Design are the parts
- They structure and carry the work
Principles of Design
- They affect the content and the message

2. Elements of Design: Visual tools the artist uses
Space * Line *Shape
Form *Color * Value
Texture

3. Line Is strokes that show motion and connecting two points.
The artist Paul Klee said “ LINE WAS A DOT TAKING A WALK.”
It has five characteristics: Length, width, curvature, depth, and texture

4. Shape Is an ENCLOSED LINE.
It has HEIGHT and WIDTH and is usually considered flat or 2- D
There are four basic shapes:
CIRCLE, SQUARE, RECTANGLE, and TRIANGLE

5. Two types of Shape
Geometric: Hard-Edged shapes such as squares, rectangles, circles and triangles.
Organic: A shape with smooth, curved lines, shapes and edges that resembles something from nature or life.

6. Form Is TWO OR MORE SHAPES COMBINED. It has height, width and DEPTH.
It is considered 3-D and usually you can walk around and/ or through it.
There are four forms…. SPHERE, CONE, CYLINDER, and CUBE (which is man-made)

7. Space Is the AREA the artist works on.
It can be paper, clay, canvas, walls, etc.
It has two characteristics:
POSITIVE… the object (the tree)
NEGATIVE… the voided area surrounding the object.(the white)

8. Color HUE is another word for color. There are: 3 PRIMARY colors
common name of a hue found in or related to the color spectrum
HUE is another word for color.
There are:
3 PRIMARY colors
3 SECONDARY colors
6 INTERMEDIATE colors
* All placed evenly around the color wheel

9. Value IS THE LIGHTNESS AND DARKNESS OF A COLOR OR NEUTRAL GREY.
White added to a color is a TINT
Gray added to a color is a TONE
Black added to a color is a SHADE.

10. TEXTURE THE FEEL OF A SURFACE. There are two kinds:
ACTUAL OR REAL… usually made by nature
IMPLIED OR FAKE… Usually created by man.

11. Principles of Design Directions for the Elements
Balance * Movement
Repetition * Emphasis
Contrast * Unity
Rythm

12. Balance
EQUILIBRIUM… the feeling of being comfortable in artwork. Where the elements are placed in the picture in a way so they have equal weight
There are two kinds…
SYMMETRICAL or formal balance which is objects centered
ASYMMETRICAL or informal balance which is more objects on one side or off centered.

13. Movement THE PATH OUR EYES FOLLOW IN ART WORK.
Usually it brings the viewer in, around, and through the piece.
Also known as Rhythm

14. Repetition
IS REPEATED ELEMENTS… which is varied in size, shape or color
Also known as pattern.

15. Emphasis
DRAWING ATTENTION TO THE MAIN OBJECT. All elements; like line, color, and shapes, direct your eyes to the main point.

16. Contrast
THE OPPOSITE OR VARIED ELEMENTS that make an artwork interesting. Such as;
color
thick or thin lines,
large or small shapes
rough or smooth texture etc.

17. Unity
ONENESS… makes all the elements and principles' work together to form a piece of art.
Also called harmony

18. Rhythm
Lines, shapes, or patterns that create a feeling of movement