1. Department of Humanities Contemporary history Teacher: G. Battelli Academic year 2015-2016

2. Why to study history? The role of memory To know the past for understanding the present

3. How to study history? The method The main goal of historical study is: to know and understand the Past, not to judge To gain this goal we surely need to know well its real development, but overall we need to focus problems, great phenomena, most prominent lines of continuity and phases of change

4. Historiographical traditions Ancient origins of the Past study Modern historiography, role of L. von Ranke and of the XIX century historiography The french historiographical revolution: from M. Bloch to F. Braudel Recent tendences

5. Global balances Eurocentric system The crisis of european domination Polycentrism between the two world wars Cold war An imperial decade? A new polycentric era

6. Europe and the other world areas during 19° century: the shape of a solar system I period

7. Europe on 1815 the «european concert»

8. Europe and the other world areas during 19° century: the shape of a solar system II period

9. Europe and the other world areas during 19° century: the shape of a solar system, III period

10. Europe’s geopolitical map before World War I

11. Europe’s geopolitical map after World War I

12. 1919-1945 A multipolar system

13. World war II: prewar situation

14. Maximum extension of german/japanese controlled areas

15. The iron curtain

16. Cold war bipolar system

17. The postwar situation of occupied Germany

18. The Cold war situation in 1959

19. Non-aligned movement 19

20. Divided Korea After World War II, Japan’s former colony of Korea was divided into two occupation zones along the 38 th parallel with the Soviet zone in the north and the US zone in the south Before the occupation forces departed, an anticommunist regime was established in the south and a communist one in the north

21. The Berlin wall (1961-1989)

22. Cuban Missile Crisis Castro feared the US would try again to overthrow him and he called for additional support from the Soviet Union Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev responded by sending medium- range bombers and missiles to Cuba to help defend Castro and threaten the US In Oct 1962, US spy planes discovered missile sites under construction in Cuba

23. US Troop Levels in Vietnam 1959760 1960900 19613,205 196211,300 196316,300 196423,300 1965184,300 1966385,300 1967485,600 1968536,100 1969475,200 1970334,600 1971156,800 197224,200 197350

24. 1991-2001 The western “imperial” globalization?

25. The jugoslavian crisis 1991-1995

26. Military crisis in Middle-east at the end of XXth century

27. The XXIst century A new multipolar system

28. Daesh / IS / ISIS / ISIL

29. 29

30. Middle East map

31. Organization of the Islamic Cooperation

32. G20 32

33. A political-institutional survey on models of governance and ideologies -The constitutional path (from English laboratory over XVII th century to XIX th - XX th century Constitutions) -The role of Montesquieu’s model and of the «Contrat social» by J.J. Rousseau -People’s sovereignty: between direct democracy and representative one -The role of political parties: Reform act (1832), mass parties, parties and State control -Institutions, State, ideologies: constitutional bourgeois State and Liberalism, the socialist reaction from Marx to Lenin, fascist State and nazi totalitarian system

34. Economic changes The origin of industrialization Second and third industrialization Industrialization and mass society Economic crisis: Great depression, 1929 crisis, 2008 crisis Present situation

35. Malthusian theory 35

36. World population growth 0 252.000.000 1750 771.000.000 1800 954.000.000 1850 1.241.000.000 1900 1.643.000.000 1950 2.516.000.000 2000 6.000.000.000 ca.

37. % urban population

38. Images about the industrialization

39. Assembly line

40. From assembly line to lean manifacturing

41. Greatest economies of the world G8 / BRIC

42. The crash of Wall Street

43. GDP (1929=100) state 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 United States 83 69 55 63 69 79 Great Britain 94 86 89 95 105 114 France 99 85 74 83 79 Germany 86 72 59 68 83 96 Austria 91 78 66 68 75 Italy 93 84 77 83 85 Soviet Union 183

44. Subprime loan