1.  Benchmark SS.11.3.6SS.11.3.6 Examine the major developments in European cultural and intellectual history, including the Renaissance, Reformation, Enlightenment, and Scientific Revolution Sample Performance Assessment (SPA) The student: Evaluates the roles of prominent individuals (e.g. Leonardo daVinci, Galileo, Voltaire) in European cultural and intellectual development. Rubric AdvancedProficientPartially ProficientNovice Examine the major developments in European cultural and intellectual history, making significant connections, insights, and generalizations Examine the major developments in European cultural and intellectual history, making connections, insights, and generalizations Identify the major developments in European cultural and intellectual history Ineffectively identify the major developments in European cultural and intellectual history

3.  Major Italian CitiesMilan Venice Florence Genoa Where? ? Italy was the center of trade and wealth

4.  What What was the Renaissance? Renaissance means rebirth Cultural awakening in Europe. A little more information… Europe was recovering from the Dark ages and the plague. People had lost their faith in the church and began to put more focus on human beings Secular Moved away from life in the church Focuses more on material objects and enjoying life

5.  When When was the Renaissance? 14 th to 16 th centuries

6. Milan Florence Genoa Why? Trade increased between Europe and Islamic Empire more trade = more money preservation of Greek-Roman knowledge Causes

7.  Italians had lots of money to spend on art. Artists & Patrons More Art = higher Social & Political status! How? Who?

8.  New Ideas individualism – emphasis on person as individual rather than part of a group secularism – focus on worldly themes instead of religious

9. Of the Renaissance

10.  Niccolo Machiavelli Niccolò Machiavelli Wrote “The Prince” Machiavelli believed: “One can make this generalization about men: they are ungrateful, fickle, liars, and deceivers, they shun danger and are greedy for profit” a ruler should be willing to do anything to maintain control without worrying about conscience. wrote The Prince – handbook for princes on ruling supported absolute power end justifies the means try to do good, evil if needed

11.   It is better for a ruler to be feared than to be loved  A ruler should be quick and decisive in decision making  A ruler keeps power by any means necessary  The end justifies the means  Be good when possible, and evil when necessary

12. Celebrated the individual Stimulated the study of Greek and Roman literature and culture

14.  Medieval art and literature focused on the Church and salvation Renaissance art and literature focused on individuals and worldly matters, along with Christianity.

15.  Born in 1475 in a small town near Florence, is considered to be one of the most inspired men who ever lived

16.  A. David Michelangel o created his masterpiece David in 1504.

17.  B. Sistine Chapel Ceiling About a year after creating David,(1508-12) Pope Julius II summoned Michelangelo to Rome to work on his most famous project, the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.

18.  Sistine Chapel Ceiling

19. 1. Creation of Eve 2. Creation of Adam Separation of Light and Darkness 3. Last Judgment

20. The Sistine Chapel Details The Last Judgment

21.  La Pieta 1499 Marble Sculpture

22. 1452-1519 Painter, Sculptor, Architect, Engineer Genius!

23. 1. Mona Lisa – da Vinci, 1503-4

24. A Macaroni Mona Parody  The Best Form of Flattery?

25. A Picasso Mona

26. An Andy Warhol Mona

27. A “Mona”ca Lewinsky

28. Mona Lisa OR da Vinci??

29. horizontal vertical Perspective! 2. The Last Supper - da Vinci, 1498

30. This composition draws your eye automatically to the subject of the painting – it isolates Jesus from the rest of the elements in the painting

31.  3. Notebooks

32.  Raphael Raphael Painter 1483-1520

33. The School of Athens – Raphael, 1510 -11 Raphael Da Vinci Michelangelo

34. Aristotle: looks to this earth [the here and now]. Plato: looks to the heavens [or the IDEAL realm]. The School of Athens – Raphael, details

35. Zoroaster Ptolemy Euclid

36. Perspective!Perspective! Marriage of the Virgin Raphael1504

37. Jan Van Eyck Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife (1434) Northern Renaissance From the Netherlands

38. Van Eyck Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife (detail)

39.  Northern Renaissance Growing wealth in Northern Europe Merged humanist ideas with Christianity. The Gutenberg Bible helped spread ideas. Important People *Erasmus—The Praise of Folly (1511)

40.  Literature flourished during the Renaissance This can be greatly attributed to Johannes Gutenberg In 1455 Gutenberg printed the first book produced by using moveable type. The Bible

41.  Sir Thomas More English Humanist Wrote: Utopia A book about a perfect society Believed men and women live in harmony. No private property, no one is lazy, all people are educated and the justice system is used to end crime instead of executing criminals.

42. Donatello’s “David” 1430-32