1. Anatomy & Physiology

2. BIOLOGY – BOTANY – ZOOLOGY – MORPHOLOGY – PATHOLOGY – GENETICS –

3.  Anatomy - The study of the of the human body (parts)  Physiology - The study of body ex. – mechanisms: (seek food), (seek H 2 O), (seek refuge), (seek warmth) etc. Maintain homeostasis through metabolism – anabolism: building from up and catabolism: breaking down ATP = molecule. An Overview of Anatomy

4. Branches of Anatomy – seen w/naked eye  anatomy (histology) - tissues

5.  Chemical level –  Cellular level –  Tissue level – a group of cells performing a  Organ level – a discrete structure made up of   Organ system – organs working together for a  Organism – Structural Organization

6. TISSUES 1. EPITHELIAL – 2. CONNECTIVE – 3. MUSCULAR – 4. NERVOUS – 1 2 3 4

8.  Systemic –  Regional – Systemic v. Regional Anatomy

9.  Forms body covering  Protects from injury  Synthesizes  Site of receptors (pain, pressure, etc.) and sweat and oil glands  bones, cartilage, The Integumentary System

10. –Protects and body organs –Provides a framework for –Blood cells formed within –Stores –Bones, cartilage, The Skeletal System

11.  Allows manipulation of  Locomotion  Facial expression  Maintains  Produces skeletal or striated – allow ; smooth (involuntary) – in organs; – heart The Muscular System

12.  control system  Responds to internal and external  Coordinates  Brain,, nerves The Nervous System

13.  Glands secrete that regulate  Growth  Nutrient use The Endocrine System

14. The Cardiovascular System  Blood vessels transport blood  Carries and carbon dioxide  Also carries and wastes  Heart pumps blood through Circulatory System

15.  Picks up from blood vessels  Disposes of in the lymphatic system  Houses white blood cells ( )  Mounts attack against foreign substances in the body  Vessels, spaces,, lymph The Lymphatic System

16.  Keeps blood supplied with  Removes  Gas exchange occurs through walls of in the lungs The Respiratory System

17.  Breaks down food into  Indigestible foodstuffs eliminated as The Digestive System

18.  Eliminates wastes  Regulates water,, and acid-base balance  Kidneys,, urinary bladder, urethra The Urinary System

19.  Overall function is to  Testes produce sperm and  Ovaries produce eggs and  Mammary glands produce Reproductive System

20.  Anatomical position – a common visual  Person stands erect with feet and eyes  Palms face with the thumbs pointed from the body Gross Anatomy – An Introduction

21.  Regional terms – names of specific body areas  Axial region – the main axis of the body  region – the limbs  Directional terminology  Refers to the body in  Standardized terms of directions are terms

22. Body Planes and Sections  Coronal (frontal) plane – Lies and divides body into anterior and posterior parts  Median (midsagittal) plane – Specific plane that lies vertically in the midline – equal right, left halves

23.  plane - runs horizontally and divides body into superior and parts Body Planes and Sections

24.  section through the trunk

25. Orientation and Terms

26. and Directional Terms

27. Orientation and Directional Terms – outer layer of a structure; – covers an organ

28. Body Cavities and Membranes  DORSAL CAVITY  Cavity subdivided into the cavity and the cavity.  Cranial cavity houses the.  Vertebral cavity runs through the vertebral column and encloses the

29.  Oral cavity  cavity  Orbital cavities  Middle  Synovial cavities Other Body Cavities

30. Abdominal Quadrants  Abdominal divide the abdomen into four quadrants  Right and left upper quadrants  Right lower and left lower quadrants

31. Abdominal Regions and Quadrants  Abdominal regions divide the abdomen into regions