1. Introduction to Sociology, 5/e © 2012 BVT Publishing

2. A. Racial Groups - a socially defined group distinguished by selected inherited physical characteristics The Human Genome Project found all humans to have a 99.9 % similar genetic content https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VnfKgffCZ7U

3. Ethnic Groups - a group defined by race, religion, or national origin as such that its members share a sense of peoplehood

4. C. Minority Groups - a group that is subordinate to the majority in power and privilege; such groups are usually, but not always, smaller than the dominant group.

5. A.Stereotypes – exaggerated beliefs usually associated with a group of people and based on race, ethnicity, gender, religion, or sexual orientation. a. Confirmation bias

6. B. Prejudice is an attitude a. Economic theories of prejudice b. Psychological theories of prejudice c. Authoritarian personality theory

7. C. Discrimination - overt behavior or actions. It is the categorical exclusion of members of a specific group from certain rights, opportunities, and/or privileges Pew - 2008

8. a.Individual level 1. Four ways that prejudice and discrimination can be defined i. Unprejudiced non-discriminators ii. Unprejudiced discriminators iii. Prejudiced non-discriminators iv. Prejudiced discriminators b. Coded racism

9. D. Institutional discrimination - when prejudices are embedded in the structures of our social institutions a.Standardized exams b. Criminal justice system

10. E. Racism - the belief that one racial group or category is inherently superior to others a. The racist believes that her or his own race is superior to other racial groups. b. It has an ideology, or set of beliefs, that justifies the subjugation and exploitation of another group. c. Racist beliefs are acted upon and the other group is oppressed.

11. A. Integration and Assimilation 1. Assimilation occurs when individuals and groups forsake their own cultural tradition to become part of a different group and tradition. a. Melting pot: A + B + C = D b. Anglo conformity: A + B + C = A

12. B. Pluralism 1. Multiculturalism or cultural pluralism can be defined as a situation in which the various racial, ethnic, or other minority groups in a society maintain their distinctive cultural patterns, subsystems, and institutions. a. Cultural pluralism: A+B+C=A+B+C

13. C. Segregation 1. Segregation is the physical and social separation of groups or categories or people. Link

14. D. Mass Expulsion 1. Mass expulsion is the practice of expelling racial or ethnic groups from their homeland.

15. E. Genocide 1. Genocide is the practice of deliberately destroying a whole race or ethnic group.

16. F. GLOBAL RACIAL RELATIONS 1. Stratification is the structured ranking of entire groups of people that perpetuates unequal rewards and power in a society. 2. White Privilege

17. White Privilege

18. 3. Ethnic stratification i. ethnocentrism ii. competition for resources iii. inequalities in power. 4. Examples of Ethnic Stratification a. South Africa Poverty rate - 2009

19. 4. Examples of Ethnic Stratification b. Children living in poverty By the Numbers (2010) 10% of white (4.2 million) 27% of Latino (4 million) 33% of black (3.6 million) 12% of Asian (400,000) 40% of American Indian (200,000)

20. 4. Examples of Ethnic Stratification c. income and education are important indicators of a group’s place in the stratification system College completion in five years (2008)

21. 4. Examples of Ethnic Stratification d. The unemployment rate

22. G. Ethnic Antagonism – the mutual opposition, conflict, or hostility among different ethnic groups. a. Split-labor-market theory b. Exclusion c. Caste system d. Displacement e. Radicalism

23. A. Hispanic-Americans comprise the largest minority group in the United States (Mexican) (Mexican) Farragut

24. B. African-Americans are the second largest racial minority in the United States (African) (African)

25. C. Asian-Americans (Asian) (Asian)

26. D. Native Americans (American Indian) (merican Indian)

27. E. WASPS and White Ethnic Americans (European) (European)

28. F. Jewish-Americans (Jew) (Jew)

29. The Future