1. Reconstruction 1865-1877

3. What were the plans for reconstruction? Reconstruction = the process of readmitting the former Confederate states to the Union Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan Pardon all supporters of the Confederacy if they swore allegiance to the Union. Pledge to accept the end of slavery. When 10% of the votes did this the state could reenter the Union. New state constitutions had to outlaw slavery. No Protection for freed African Americans Johnson’s Plan (President after Lincoln’s Assassination) Amnesty to whites who signed loyalty oaths States must abolish slavery States must pay war debts No role for freed blacks No vote for African Americans Radical Republicans in Congress Grant equal rights for freed African Americans Military occupation of the South to oversee changes Voting rights for African Americans Approve 13 th, 14 th, 15 th Amendments

4. If you had to select one of the plans, which one would you choose and why? Write your answer in your notes.

5. Thirteenth Amendment ABOLISHED Slavery in the United States.

6. What was the Freedmen’s Bureau? An agency that provided food, education and legal help to freed African Americans in the South

7. New State Governments Johnson assigned a temporary governor to lead each state. States were required to change their constitutions – declare that secession was illegal. – approve the Thirteenth Amendment

8. The New State Governments begin limiting the rights of African Americans States began passing laws to deny civil rights to African Americans. Black Codes, laws that greatly limited the freedom of African Americans. – Work contracts – Had to prove the were employed – Couldn’t own a gun – Couldn’t rent property Civil rights = the rights all citizens have regardless of race, religion, sex or place of birth.

9. Fourteenth Amendment 1.All people born in U.S., except Native Americans, are citizens. 2.All states must guarantee citizens equal protection under the law. All citizens have the same rights and privileges and protections 3.All states could not “deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.” Any citizen accused of a crime must be informed of the charges, be provided with legal counsel, and be given a speedy and public trial

10. Fifteenth Amendment Guaranteed African American men the right to vote (suffrage). Having the right to vote didn’t change lives. African American men could not own land, or did not have jobs.

11. Ku Klux Klan Created by group of white southerners in Tennessee Opposed to suffrage for African Americans Used violence and terror against African Americans Local governments did little to stop the violence Congress passed laws that made it a federal crime to interfere with elections or to deny citizens equal protection under the law.

12. The End of Reconstruction Congressmen against civil rights gain control of the House of Representatives Rutherford B. Hayes (in favor of civil rights) wins the 1877 presidential election in a close race with Samuel J. Tilden (against civil rights) – Compromise of 1877 Congress agrees to accept Hayes’ victory Congress removed remaining federal troops from the south (part of the Reconstruction Acts) Also known as the “CORRUPT BARGIN”

13. Examples of State Government Restrictions on African Americans

14. Sharecropping Few African Americans could afford to buy or rent farms. African Americans became part of sharecropping system, providing labor to land-owners and sharing their crops with them Sharecroppers faced debt.

15. Legal Segregation Forced separation of whites and African Americans in public places Poll Taxes African American had to pay extra to vote in elections

16. Plessy v. Ferguson ruled that segregation was allowed if “separate-but-equal” facilities were provided. Supreme Court

17. Summary of the Main Ideas

18. Summary of the African American Experience During Reconstruction

19. Write Your Summary