1. What would be one of the greatest problems with having separate Indian nations on your frontier?

2. Indians Attacking in the War of 1812

3. Tecumseh Tried to create an Indian Confederacy to expel the US from the Ohio Territory – While gone, his army was beat by the US at Tippacanoe – Gen. William Henry Harrison Allied with Briton for the War of 1812 – Recreated the Confederacy – Gathering support against USA

4. Tecumseh Used similar methods as the Europeans – Large picture war as opposed to individual problems Brother was a prophet who started the Confederate movement – Had visions of a great unified Indian Nation

5. The Fort Dearborn Massacre Fort Dearborn built in 1803 at the important portage of the Chicago River Small trading operations set up around fort John Kinzie – First permanent settler in Chicago – Typical sketchy Chicago businessman Killed rival businessman

7. The Fort Dearborn Massacre

8. Start of the War of 1812 Great Britain was impressing American sailors at sea. – Little known British law U.S. declares war June 18,1812. President James Madison

9. The War of 1812 The new commander of Ft. Dearborn was Capt. Nathan Heald. Indians who prefer British control start to gather at Fort Dearborn Heald is ordered to abandon the fort by Gen. William Hull. Leave all supplies to the Indians

10. Relief Support arrived from Fort Wayne, IN., led by his wife's uncle, Captain William Wells. Son-in-law of Chief Little Turtle of the Miamis Wells

11. Captain William Wells Captured and raised by Miami Indians Previously wounded in the Battle of Fallen Timbers, 1794. – Was an American scout Little Turtle

12. The Massacre Heald destroyed everything that was not needed. – Breaking his agreement with the surrounding Indians They had traveled 1½ miles before the Indians attacked – More than 55 whites were killed 26 regulars All 12 militia men – Heald & his wife were eventually able to escape.

13. August 15, 1812

14. Rebekah’s Ordeal Her uncle William Wells rode ahead, turned, and circled his hat. – She interpreted this to mean they were surrounded. His horse was shot falling on top of him – Shot and scalped Heart cut out and rubbed in Rebekah’s face.

15. Rebekah Heald The wife of Captain Nathan Heald. Shot 6 times She was captured and eventually escaped.

16. Eleanor’s Life Prominent trader in Captured at 9 by Seminole Indians Ransomed at age 13 Married at 14 and widowed at 24 with 3 children & another on the way. Married John Kinzie & lived in the former house of DuSable.

18. Kinzie’s Escape John & Eleanor with their family escape the massacre by going up the Chicago River.

19. Juliette Gordon Low The Great Granddaughter of John & Eleanor (Lytle) Kinzie She preferred to be called, “Daisy” Founded the Girl Scouts on March 12, 1912.

20. In the End Illinois militia is mustered and destroys Kickapoo villages near Springfield – Militia becomes a mob and is forced to return home Tecumseh fought with the British in Northern America, but was killed in battle in 1813 Was the last major threat to American settlement east of the Mississippi

21. Weekend Assignment Write a 5 paragraph essay on the topic, “Was it necessary to remove the Indian tribes east of the Mississippi? Use at least 5 examples from history (lectures or book) as evidence.