1. Open with a past participle Sentence Pattern #16

2. The past participle is the 3 rd principle part of the verb

3. To check, put the helping verb “have” before the “participle” (have) tripped; (have) slapped; (have) slept; (have) fallen; (have) thrown; Last time we learned that Present participles take the “ing” form. A majority of past participles take the “ed” form

4. Don’t forget irregular verbs Irregular verbs have unusual past participles.

5. Irregular Verbs Cont. TO BREAK BROKE BROKEN Example of simple sentence: She broke the lamp. Example of past participle: Broken, the lamp lay in pieces on the floor. INFINITIVESIMPLE PAST TENSE PAST PARTICIPLE

6. Don’t forget these verb/past participle tricksters.

7. Past participles form participial phrases in 2 ways 1. by combining with adverbs: … deeply concerned 2. by combining with prepositional phrases: …thrown by the tornado

8. Don’t forget… When a past participial phrase opens a sentence, use a comma following it Concerned about her grade, Mary….

9. Please remember… The past participle or past participial phrase that opens then sentence must… Describe the noun that immediately follows it.

10. Uh oh… the dangling modifier NO! Eaten with glee, the student….

11. Continued… YES! Eaten with glee, the strawberry pie lasted barely a minute.

12. Let’s put it all together! Past participial phrase: Lost in the woods Noun: Hansel and Gretal What did they do?: searched for shelter and scavenged for food

13. The Result Lost in the woods, Hansel and Gretal searched for shelter and scavenged for food.

14. Now use the pictures to write your own sentences that fit the pattern (open with a past participle/past participial phrase. BE CREATIVE!