1. Parts of the Sentence Subject, Predicate, Complement

2. The Sentence  A sentence is a word or word group that contains a subject (noun phrase subject) and a verb (the predicate phrase).

3. It takes two parts to make a sentence! Subject  The Subject is a word or word group that tells whom or what the sentence is talking about. Predicate  The predicate is a word or word group that tells something about the subject.

4. This is a complete sentence with a subject and predicate phrase.  The monsoon rains pelted the students on their way to Professor Snape’s class. The Complete Subject of the sentence is: “The monsoon rains” while the simple subject is: “rains”

5. The predicate always starts with the verb phrase. The complete predicate of the sentence is: “pelted the students on their way to Professor Snape’s class.”

6. Black Metal : “Guess what? I have four tootsie pops.” “Guess what?” is a sentence indicating that “you” guess what. “I have four tootsie pops.” indicates a pronoun subject and a predicate that shows a linking verb.

7. Know your verb forms! Action Verbs  Speak, sleep, carry, throw, think, imagine, dream, know.  Action verbs show physical or mental action. Linking/Helping Verbs  Helping verbs use the “be,” “have,” “do,” form. They also use the modal form.  Linking verbs connect the subject to the predicate.

8. Complements A Complement is a word or word group that completes the meaning of a verb.

9. Direct Objects tell who or what receives the action of the verb. Ramen NoOdLes loves his mummy. Who is loved? “his mummy.” What is the Direct Object? “mummy.”

10. Indirect Objects tells to whom or to what or for whom or for what the action of the transitive verb has done. So, what the heck is a “Transitive Verb”?????

11. A transitive Verb has an object…a word or word group that receives an action. It has a free noun phrase after the verb: “Hagrid gave the magic wand back.” “wand” is the direct object of the verb “gave.” “Hagrid gave Harry the magic wand back.” “Harry” is the indirect object because he receives the wand.

12. How to tell the difference… Direct objects  Direct objects can be found as the first and only noun after a transitive verb.  The owl licked the sucker.”  Sucker” is the direct object receiving the action of “licked.” Indirect Objects  Indirect objects may be the first noun after the verb, but it does not indicate the “who” or “what” factor.  Tell Joe and Mike that crazy joke.”  Joe” and “Mike” (indirect objects) receive the “telling” of the “joke”(which is the direct object).

13. Objective Complements An Objective Complement is a complement that helps complete the meaning of a transitive verb by identifying or modifying the direct object. Think of these as adding color to the sentence…

14. Objective complements can be nouns, a word group, a possessive pronoun, or and adjective. Nouns: France named Miles Davis a knight. [A “knight” names what “Miles Davis” was “named” by France.] Bob named Joe “Fart Master.” [“Fart Master” is a word group that names what moniker “Joe” was bequeathed.]

15.  Ramen Noodles considers Mummy his.”  [The possessive pronoun “his” modifies the direct object “Mummy.”]

16. Objective Complements can also be adjectives. We have painted the new house blue. [The adjective “blue” modifies the direct object: “house”.] I have dyed my hair purple. [The adjective “purple” modifies the direct object: “hair”.]

17. Finally, Subject Complements A subject complement is a complement that identifies or modifies the subject of a linking verb.

18. Noun and Pronoun as Subject Complement.  Noun” as subject complement  Anne Rice is my favorite author.” “is” is my linking verb. “author” is my subject complement. By using this subject complement, I do not have to further explain who is Anne Rice to me. “Pronoun” as subject complement: “Who are those kids over there?” [“Who” identifies the subject: “kids”] [“are” is my linking verb.]

19. Infinitive phrases as subject complement First, an infinitive phrase starts with the word “to”: “To fly above the clouds” is an infinitive phrase. When an infinitive phrase is used to modify the subject of the sentence, then it is a subject complement.